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  2. Machine-check exception - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine-check_exception

    A failing motherboard or processor can be identified by swapping them with functioning parts. Memory can be checked by booting to a diagnostic tool, like memtest86 . Non-essential failing I/O devices and controllers can be identified by unplugging them if possible or disabling the devices to see if the problem disappears.

  3. Power-on self-test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power-on_self-test

    BIOS POST card for ISA bus BIOS POST card for PCI bus Professional BIOS POST card for PCI bus Two POST seven-segment displays integrated on a computer motherboard. The original IBM BIOS made POST diagnostic information available by outputting a number to I/O port 0x80 (a screen display was not possible with some failure modes). Both progress ...

  4. Failure of electronic components - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_of_electronic...

    Structurally, capacitors consist of electrodes separated by a dielectric, connecting leads, and housing; deterioration of any of these may cause parameter shifts or failure. Shorted failures and leakage due to increase of parallel parasitic resistance are the most common failure modes of capacitors, followed by open failures.

  5. BIOS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS

    In computing, BIOS (/ ˈ b aɪ ɒ s,-oʊ s /, BY-oss, -⁠ohss; Basic Input/Output System, also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS, BIOS ROM or PC BIOS) is a type of firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup). [1]

  6. Troubleshooting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troubleshooting

    Troubleshooting is needed to identify the symptoms. Determining the most likely cause is a process of elimination —eliminating potential causes of a problem. Finally, troubleshooting requires confirmation that the solution restores the product or process to its working state.

  7. Serial presence detect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_presence_detect

    In computing, serial presence detect (SPD) is a standardized way to automatically access information about a memory module.Earlier 72-pin SIMMs included five pins that provided five bits of parallel presence detect (PPD) data, but the 168-pin DIMM standard changed to a serial presence detect to encode more information.

  8. Computer cooling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_cooling

    A finned air cooled heatsink with fan clipped onto a CPU, with a smaller passive heatsink without fan in the background A 3-fan heatsink mounted on a video card to maximize cooling efficiency of the GPU and surrounding components Commodore 128DCR computer's switch-mode power supply, with a user-installed 60 mm cooling fan.

  9. Power good signal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_good_signal

    The Power Good signal (power-good) is a signal provided by a computer power supply to indicate to the motherboard that all of the voltages are within specification and that the system may proceed to boot and operate.