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Emergency contraception (EC) is a birth control measure, used after sexual intercourse to prevent pregnancy.. There are different forms of EC. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), sometimes simply referred to as emergency contraceptives (ECs), or the morning-after pill, are medications intended to disrupt or delay ovulation or fertilization, which are necessary for pregnancy.
Oral contraceptives, be it combined or progesterone-only, can effectively prevent pregnancy by regulating hormonal changes in the menstrual cycle, inhibiting ovulation, and altering cervical mucus to impede sperm mobility; combined pills have extra effects in menstrual cycle regulation and menstrual pain relief.
Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) can be used to treat menstrual cycle disorders including heavy menstrual bleeding, [9] and pelvic pain disorders such as endometriosis [10] and dysmenorrhea. [11] CHCs are also a first line treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome for menstrual abnormalities, acne, and hirsutism. [12]
Levonorgestrel is a hormonal medication which is used in a number of birth control methods. [3] [7] It is combined with an estrogen to make combination birth control pills. [8]As an emergency birth control, sold under the brand names Plan B One-Step and Julie, among others, it is useful within 72 hours of unprotected sex.
With bi- and tri-phasic pills, skipping the placebo week results in a sudden change in hormone levels, which may cause irregular spotting or flow. (Monophasic pills offer the same dose of estrogen and progestogen whereas multiphasic pills have varying doses from day to day; see formulations for details.) [ citation needed ]
Dysmenorrhea can occur without an underlying problem. [3] [6] Underlying issues that can cause dysmenorrhea include uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, and most commonly, endometriosis. [3] It is more common among those with heavy periods, irregular periods, those whose periods started before twelve years of age and those who have a low body weight. [1]
Period products are an expense that many in the U.S. can't afford. Here's how they manage — and what people can do to help.
Depending on the presumed underlying cause of bleeding, medical management with progestogen-only pills, combined oral contraceptives, or tranexamic acid may be appropriate. One study found that 76% of patients who took oral medroxyprogesterone acetate (20 mg) for treatment of bleeding unrelated to pregnancy saw resolution of their bleeding. The ...