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  2. Nager acrofacial dysostosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nager_acrofacial_dysostosis

    Nager acrofacial dysostosis, also known as Nager syndrome, is a genetic disorder which displays several or all of the following characteristics: underdevelopment of the cheek and jaw area, down-sloping of the opening of the eyes, lack or absence of the lower eyelashes, kidney or stomach reflux, hammer toes, shortened soft palate, lack of development of the internal and external ear, possible ...

  3. Jaw abnormality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaw_abnormality

    A jaw abnormality is a disorder in the formation, shape and/or size of the jaw. In general abnormalities arise within the jaw when there is a disturbance or fault in the fusion of the mandibular processes. The mandible in particular has the most differential typical growth anomalies than any other bone in the human skeleton.

  4. Pierre Robin sequence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Robin_sequence

    Pierre Robin sequence [a] (/ p j ɛər r ɔː ˈ b æ̃ /; [3] abbreviated PRS) is a congenital defect observed in humans which is characterized by facial abnormalities.The three main features are micrognathia (abnormally small mandible), which causes glossoptosis (downwardly displaced or retracted tongue), which in turn causes breathing problems due to obstruction of the upper airway.

  5. Saethre–Chotzen syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saethre–Chotzen_syndrome

    Saethre–Chotzen syndrome (SCS), also known as acrocephalosyndactyly type III, is a rare congenital disorder associated with craniosynostosis (premature closure of one or more of the sutures between the bones of the skull). This affects the shape of the head and face, resulting in a cone-shaped head and an asymmetrical face.

  6. Stickler syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stickler_syndrome

    Medical genetics. Stickler syndrome (hereditary progressive arthro-ophthalmodystrophy) is a group of rare genetic disorders affecting connective tissue, specifically collagen. [1] Stickler syndrome is a subtype of collagenopathy, types II and XI. Stickler syndrome is characterized by distinctive facial abnormalities, ocular problems, hearing ...

  7. Condylar hypoplasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condylar_hypoplasia

    Condylar hypoplasia. Condylar hypoplasia is known as underdevelopment of the mandibular condyle. Congenitally (primary) caused condylar hypoplasia leads to underdeveloped condyle at birth. [1] Hypoplasia of mandible can be diagnosed during birth, in comparison to the hyperplasia which is only diagnosed later in growth of an individual.

  8. Micrognathism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrognathism

    Micrognathia, strawberry chin, hypognathia [ 1 ] hypognathism. Girl with Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome. Specialty. Medical genetics. Micrognathism is a condition where the jaw is undersized. It is also sometimes called mandibular hypoplasia. [citation needed] It is common in infants, [citation needed] but is usually self-corrected during growth ...

  9. Orofacial myofunctional disorders - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orofacial_myofunctional...

    Imbalance in dental growth; Inadequate development of facial and cranial bones; Inappropriate development of muscles in the head and neck areas; While identifying the causes of tongue thrust, it is important to remember that the resting posture of the tongue, jaw, and lips are crucial to the normal development of the mouth and its structures.