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The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two. " The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information " [ 1] is one of the most highly cited papers in psychology. [ 2][ 3][ 4] It was written by the cognitive psychologist George A. Miller of Harvard University 's Department of Psychology and published ...
Short-term memory. Short-term memory (or " primary " or " active memory ") is the capacity for holding a small amount of information in an active, readily available state for a short interval. For example, short-term memory holds a phone number that has just been recited. The duration of short-term memory (absent rehearsal or active maintenance ...
George Sperling, Ulric Neisser. George Armitage Miller (February 3, 1920 – July 22, 2012) [ 1] was an American psychologist who was one of the founders of cognitive psychology, and more broadly, of cognitive science. He also contributed to the birth of psycholinguistics. Miller wrote several books and directed the development of WordNet, an ...
Hermann Ebbinghaus (24 January 1850 – 26 February 1909) was a German psychologist who pioneered the experimental study of memory. Ebbinghaus discovered the forgetting curve and the spacing effect. He was the first person to describe the learning curve. He was the father of the neo-Kantian philosopher Julius Ebbinghaus .
Mnemonic. Knuckle mnemonic for the number of days in each month of the Gregorian calendar. Each knuckle represents a 31-day month. A mnemonic device ( / nɪˈmɒnɪk / nih-MON-ik) [ 1] or memory device is any learning technique that aids information retention or retrieval in the human memory, often by associating the information with something ...
A representation of the forgetting curve showing retained information halving after each day. The forgetting curve hypothesizes the decline of memory retention in time. This curve shows how information is lost over time when there is no attempt to retain it. [ 1] A related concept is the strength of memory that refers to the durability that ...
The single-bullet theory, also known as the magic-bullet theory by conspiracy theorists, [ 1] was introduced by the Warren Commission in its investigation of the assassination of U.S. President John F. Kennedy to explain what happened to the bullet that struck Kennedy in the back and exited through his throat.
In nuclear physics, a magic number is a number of nucleons (either protons or neutrons, separately) such that they are arranged into complete shells within the atomic nucleus. As a result, atomic nuclei with a "magic" number of protons or neutrons are much more stable than other nuclei. The seven most widely recognized magic numbers as of 2019 ...