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Bone wax as a sterile preparation for surgery. Bone wax is a waxy substance used to help mechanically control bleeding from bone surfaces during surgical procedures.. It is generally made of beeswax [1] with a softening agent such as paraffin or petroleum jelly and is smeared across the bleeding edge of the bone, blocking the holes and causing immediate bone hemostasis through a tamponade effect.
Traction involves using a pulling force to align bones and reduce fractures, particularly in cases involving the spine, pelvis, or long bones. It can be achieved through a variety of mechanisms, including skin traction (using adhesive materials attached to the skin) or skeletal traction (which involves pins or wires placed directly into the bone).
Bone hemostasis is the process of controlling the bleeding from bone.. Bone is a living vascular organ containing channels for blood and bone marrow. [1] When a bone is cut during surgery bleeding can be a difficult problem to control, especially in the highly vascular bones of the spine and sternum.
In 1911, Dr. Albee discovered a method for using bone instead of metal to perform a spinal fusion for infected vertebrae. He perfected his techniques including the classification of bone types, and in 1912, invented the "Albee Bone Mill", a power driven machine that reduced the time needed for a bone graft to as little as ten minutes.
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy is used as a second line measure to treat tennis elbow, [9] [10] [11] shoulder rotator cuff pain, [12] [13] Achilles tendinitis, [14] [15] plantar fasciitis, [16] [17] and greater trochanteric pain syndrome. [18] ESWT is also used to promote bone healing and treat bone necrosis. [19]
General surgery is a specialty focused on the abdomen; the thyroid gland; diseases involving skin, breasts, and various soft tissues; trauma; peripheral vascular disease; hernias; and endoscopic procedures. Instruments can be classified in many ways, but, broadly speaking, there are five kinds of instruments. Cutting and dissecting instruments
used to flush out anything like ear wax or foreign bodies from the external ear Toynbee's auscultation tube: Otoscope/Auriscope: to examine the external auditory canal and ear drum; used during aural toileting, removal of wax, myringotomy, stapedectomy and to dilate the stenosis of canal Mouth gag - •Doyen's mouth gag
Hand surgery emerged as a specialty during World War II, and the tools used by early hand surgeons remain in common use today, and many are identified by the names of those who created them. [4] Individual tools have diverse history development. Below is a brief history of the inventors and tools created for five commonly used surgical tools.