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In genetics, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is a type of genetic abnormality in diploid organisms in which one copy of an entire gene and its surrounding chromosomal region are lost. [1]
SNPs can also be used to study genetic abnormalities in cancer. For example, SNP arrays can be used to study loss of heterozygosity (LOH). LOH occurs when one allele of a gene is mutated in a deleterious way and the normally-functioning allele is lost. LOH occurs commonly in oncogenesis.
RecLOH is a term in genetics that is an abbreviation for "Recombinant Loss of Heterozygosity".. This is a type of mutation which occurs with DNA by recombination.From a pair of equivalent ("homologous"), but slightly different (heterozygous) genes, a pair of identical genes results.
Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is a technique that can only be used to compare two samples from the same individual. LOH analysis is often used when identifying cancer-causing oncogenes in that one sample consists of (mutant) tumor DNA and the other (control) sample consists of genomic DNA from non-cancerous cells from the same individual.
The wing-spot test in D. melanogaster was first described by Graf and Würgler. [3] The wing-spot test determines for the induction of mutant spots that represent the loss of heterozygozity due to point mutation, deletion, nondisjunction, or mitotic recombination using the recessive genetic markers multiple wing hair (mwh) and flare-3 (flr3), located on chromosome number 3.
Tumor-specific loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) for chromosomes 1p and 16q identifies a subset of Wilms' tumor patients who have a significantly increased risk of relapse and death. LOH for these chromosomal regions can now be used as an independent prognostic factor together with disease stage to target intensity of treatment to risk of treatment ...
One of the most frequent genetic abnormalities that occur in advanced colorectal cancer is loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of DCC in region 18q21. DCC in a receptor for netrin-1 and is currently believed by some to be a conditional tumour suppressor gene, meaning that it normally prevents cell growth when in the absence of netrin-1.
[23] [24] The second hit event in LAM cells is often loss of the chromosomal region containing the wild-type copy of the TSC2 gene; this is referred to as loss of heterozygosity or LOH. [25] LOH can be detected in microdissected LAM cells, [ 21 ] [ 26 ] in angiomyolipomas and lymph nodes from women with LAM, [ 27 ] and in circulating LAM cells ...