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Post-nominal Abbreviation Agency or Description Juris Doctor: J.D. An academic, not a professional designation. Identifies a person who has obtained the academic degree Juris Doctor or Doctor of Jurisprudence, which are different names for the same professional degree in law.
Such citations and abbreviations are found in court decisions, statutes, regulations, journal articles, books, and other documents. Below is a basic list of very common abbreviations. Because publishers adopt different practices regarding how abbreviations are printed, one may find abbreviations with or without periods for each letter.
Therefore, a graduate, high-level law degree was proposed: the Juris Doctor, implementing the case and Socratic methods as its didactic approach. [53] According to professor J. H. Beale, an 1882 Harvard Law graduate, one of the main arguments for the change was uniformity. Harvard's four professional schools – theology, law, medicine, and ...
A law degree is an academic degree conferred for studies in law. Some law degrees are professional degrees that are prerequisites or serve as preparation for legal careers. These generally include the Bachelor of Civil Law, Bachelor of Laws, and Juris Doctor. Law degrees that are not part of a professional pathway to legal practice include the ...
MRes. Another research master's degree. Graduate Certificate in "Speciality/Faculty" GCert or GradCert e.g. GCertMkting Postgraduate Diploma of "Speciality/Faculty" PGDip"Speciality" or PostGradDip"Speciality" Graduate Diploma of "Speciality/Faculty" GDip"Speciality" or GradDip"Speciality" e.g. GDipMngt Juris Doctor: JD Doctor of Medicine MD
[40] [41] Similar to the Ph.D., the S.J.D. is a research doctorate and has been described as the "highest degree in law" by the University of Virginia, [42] as well as the "terminal degree in law for individuals interested in academia" by Indiana University [43] and the "most advanced law degree" by Harvard Law School. [44]
Legal education is typically received through a law school program. The professional degree granted by U.S. law schools is the Juris Doctor (J.D.). Prospective lawyers who have been awarded the J.D. (or other appropriate credential), must fulfill additional, state-specific requirements in order to gain admission to the bar in the United States.
For example, a Bachelor of Laws degree (LLB) from North American schools is treated as equivalent to a Juris Doctor degree (JD). On the other hand, a Bachelor of Applied Science degree (BASc) at many schools can be done straight out of highschool, and is treated as the same level as academic bachelor's degrees like a Bachelor of Arts degree.