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Scleritis is a serious inflammatory disease that affects the white outer coating of the eye, known as the sclera. The disease is often contracted through association with other diseases of the body, such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis or rheumatoid arthritis .
3.3 per 100,000 (adults), 50 per 100,000 (children) [90] Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: ADAMTS13 autoantibodies Confirmed 1-2 per million [91] Antiphospholipid syndrome: Antiphospholipid antibodies Confirmed 40-50 per 100,000 [92] Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: None specific, mutation causes self-cells to become susceptible to ...
The diagnosis of episcleritis is based upon the history and physical examination. The history should be explored for the presence of the diseases associated with episcleritis, and the symptoms they cause, such as rash, arthritis, venereal disease, and recent viral infection. [ 5 ]
Scleritis is a serious inflammatory disease of the sclera causing redness of the sclera often progressing to purple. Yellowing or a light green color of the sclera is a visual symptom of jaundice . In cases of osteogenesis imperfecta , the sclera may appear to have a blue tint, more pronounced than the slight blue tint seen in children.
[3] [6] [4] [8] [9] The most common forms of ocular involvement are usually mild and often consist of unilateral or bilateral episcleritis and/or scleritis, that is often anterior and could be lingering or relapsing. [3] [4] Scleritis that is necrotizing is found to be exceedingly rare. [3] Less often, conjunctivitis occurs.
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[7] [14] Inflammation of the outer layers of the eye (scleritis and episcleritis [15] [16]) and conjunctivitis are the most common signs of GPA in the eye; involvement of the eyes is common and occurs in slightly more than half of people with the disease. [6] Kidney: rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (75%), leading to chronic kidney disease
Scleroderma in pregnancy is a complex situation; it increases the risk to both mother and child. [49] Overall, scleroderma is associated with reduced fetal weight for gestational age. [ 49 ] The treatment for scleroderma often includes known teratogens such as cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, mycophenolate , etc., so careful avoidance of such ...