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  2. Relative permittivity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_permittivity

    The relative permittivity (in older texts, dielectric constant) is the permittivity of a material expressed as a ratio with the electric permittivity of a vacuum. A dielectric is an insulating material, and the dielectric constant of an insulator measures the ability of the insulator to store electric energy in an electrical field.

  3. Permittivity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permittivity

    Another common term encountered for both absolute and relative permittivity is the dielectric constant which has been deprecated in physics and engineering [2] as well as in chemistry. [ 3 ] By definition, a perfect vacuum has a relative permittivity of exactly 1 whereas at standard temperature and pressure , air has a relative permittivity of ...

  4. Effective medium approximations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effective_medium...

    There are many different effective medium approximations, [5] each of them being more or less accurate in distinct conditions. Nevertheless, they all assume that the macroscopic system is homogeneous and, typical of all mean field theories, they fail to predict the properties of a multiphase medium close to the percolation threshold due to the absence of long-range correlations or critical ...

  5. Clausius–Mossotti relation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clausius–Mossotti_relation

    The Lorentz–Lorenz equation is similar to the Clausius–Mossotti relation, except that it relates the refractive index (rather than the dielectric constant) of a substance to its polarizability. The Lorentz–Lorenz equation is named after the Danish mathematician and scientist Ludvig Lorenz , who published it in 1869, and the Dutch ...

  6. Equivalent oxide thickness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent_oxide_thickness

    For example, a high-κ material with dielectric constant of 39 (compared to 3.9 for silicon oxide) would be ten times thicker than that of silicon oxide, helping to reduce the leakage of electrons across the dielectric pad, while achieving the same capacitance and high performance.

  7. Vacuum permittivity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_permittivity

    Vacuum permittivity, commonly denoted ε 0 (pronounced "epsilon nought" or "epsilon zero"), is the value of the absolute dielectric permittivity of classical vacuum. It may also be referred to as the permittivity of free space, the electric constant, or the distributed capacitance of the vacuum. It is an ideal (baseline) physical constant.

  8. Dielectric - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric

    A dielectric resonator oscillator (DRO) is an electronic component that exhibits resonance of the polarisation response for a narrow range of frequencies, generally in the microwave band. It consists of a "puck" of ceramic that has a large dielectric constant and a low dissipation factor. Such resonators are often used to provide a frequency ...

  9. Coaxial cable - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coaxial_cable

    The dielectric constant is often quoted as the relative dielectric constant referred to the dielectric constant of free space : = . When the insulator is a mixture of different dielectric materials (e.g., polyethylene foam is a mixture of polyethylene and air), then the term effective dielectric constant ϵ e f f {\displaystyle \ \epsilon ...