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Section 21: freedom of movement, including the right to leave South Africa, the right of citizens to a passport and the right to enter South Africa. Section 22: the right to choose a trade, occupation or profession, although these may be regulated by law. Section 23: labour rights, including the right to unionise and the right to strike.
The Republic of South Africa Constitution Act, 1961, came into force on 31 May 1961, and the Union of South Africa became the Republic of South Africa, but the existing Parliament continued without an election. 42: Defence Further Amendment Act, 1961: 43: Iron and Steel Industry Amendment Act, 1961: 44: Atomic Energy Amendment Act, 1961: 45
South African constitutional law is the area of South African law relating to the interpretation and application of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa by the country's courts. All laws of South Africa must conform with the Constitution; any laws inconsistent with the Constitution have no force or effect.
The court found that it should balance the rights of property owners under the Constitution [27] with those of indigents and occupiers, [28] and ruled that the landowners' right to equality [29] would be infringed if the state were to burden them with providing alternative accommodation without compensation. The obligation to provide access was ...
The Republic of South Africa Constitution Bill was introduced in January 1961. It came into force on 31 May 1961; 31 May was a significant day in South African history, being both the day in 1902 on which the Treaty of Vereeniging was signed, ending the Second Anglo-Boer War , and the day in 1910 on which the Union of South Africa came into being.
The Constitution is usually cited as "Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996," while the Interim Constitution is cited as "Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act 200 of 1993." It is now generally agreed that the final Constitution of 1996 ought, in recognition of its supreme status, not to be cited with its statute number ...
In February 2008 the South African government started a public participation process to create a pledge (or oath) of allegiance to be recited daily by schoolchildren. The draft pledge was based on the preamble of the Constitution of South Africa.
The most direct use of section 21 rights in constitutional litigation was in Geuking v President, wherein it was contended that section 21(3)'s right to "remain in" South Africa must be considered when the state assents to the extradition of a citizen under the Extradition Act 67, 1962; however, the court rejected that contention.