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Hybrid zones can form from secondary contact. A hybrid zone exists where the ranges of two interbreeding species or diverged intraspecific lineages meet and cross-fertilize. . Hybrid zones can form in situ due to the evolution of a new lineage [1] [page needed] but generally they result from secondary contact of the parental forms after a period of geographic isolation, which allowed their ...
A hybrid zone may appear during secondary contact, meaning there would be an area where the two populations cohabitate and produce hybrids, often arranged in a cline. The width of the zone may vary from tens of meters to several hundred kilometers. A hybrid zone may be stable, or it may not.
For a hybrid form to persist, it must be able to exploit the available resources better than either parent species, which, in most cases, it will have to compete with.For example: while grizzly bears and polar bears may be able to mate and produce offspring, a grizzly–polar bear hybrid is apparently less- suited in either of the parents' ecological niches than the original parent species ...
A prediction of reinforcement is that assortive mating should be common in hybrid zones; a prediction that was confirmed in 19 of the 37 cases. [6] A survey of the rates of speciation in fish and their associated hybrid zones found similar patterns in sympatry, supporting the occurrence of reinforcement. [68]
An example of a homoploid hybrid genome is a schematic of the mosaic genome of the Italian sparrow which is a hybrid resulting from the house sparrow P. domesticus which spread across the Mediterranean with agriculture and encountered and hybridized with local populations of Spanish sparrow P. hispaniolensis [48,49,85].
Natural selection results from the hybrid's inability to produce viable offspring; thus members of one species who do not mate with members of the other have greater reproductive success. This favors the evolution of greater prezygotic isolation (differences in behavior or biology that inhibit formation of hybrid zygotes).
hybrid inviability hybrid speciation hybrid sterility hybrid swarm hybrid zone A geographic area in which the ranges of two interbreeding species or populations overlap, allowing them to cross-fertilize and generate hybrid offspring. The formation of a hybrid zone is one of the four outcomes of secondary contact between divergent genetic lineages.
It can occur across hybrid zones due to chance, selection or hybrid zone movement. [8] There is evidence that introgression is a ubiquitous phenomenon in plants and animals, [9] [10] including humans, [11] in which it may have introduced the microcephalin D allele. [12]