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Health geography is the application of geographical information, perspectives, and methods to the study of health, disease, and health care. Medical geography , a sub-discipline of, or sister field of health geography, [ 1 ] focuses on understanding spatial patterns of health and disease in relation to the natural and social environment.
Health equity arises from access to the social determinants of health, specifically from wealth, power and prestige. [1] Individuals who have consistently been deprived of these three determinants are significantly disadvantaged from health inequities, and face worse health outcomes than those who are able to access certain resources.
Population health has been defined as "the health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of such outcomes within the group". [1] It is an approach to health that aims to improve the health of an entire human population. It has been described as consisting of three components.
The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines social determinants of health as "life-enhancing resources. In the realm of public health, the concept of social determinants of health (SDOH) has emerged as a crucial framework for comprehending the myriad factors that influence an individual’s well-being.
The World Health Organization defines the social determinants of health as "the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age" , [7] conditions that are determined by the distribution of money, power, and resources at global, national, and local levels. [7] There are two main determinants of health: structural and proximal ...
Geographic correlation studies attempt to study the geographical factors and their effects on geographically differentiated health outcomes. Measured on an ecologic scale, these factors include environmental variables (quality of surrounding space), socioeconomic and demographic statistics (income and race), or even lifestyle choices (nutrition ...
Pandemic prevention is the organization and management of preventive measures against pandemics. Those include measures to reduce causes of new infectious diseases and measures to prevent outbreaks and epidemics from becoming pandemics. It is not to be mistaken for pandemic preparedness or mitigation (e.g. against COVID-19) which largely seek to mitigate the magnitude of negative effects of ...
Globalization, the flow of information, goods, capital, and people across political and geographic boundaries, allows infectious diseases to rapidly spread around the world, while also allowing the alleviation of factors such as hunger and poverty, which are key determinants of global health. [1]