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Debris flow channel with deposits left after 2010 storms in Ladakh, NW Indian Himalaya. Coarse bouldery levees form the channel sides. Poorly sorted rocks lie on the channel floor. Debris flow in Saint-Julien-Mont-Denis, France, July 2013 Scars formed by debris flow in Ventura, greater Los Angeles during the winter of 1983. The photograph was ...
An earthflow (earth flow) is a downslope viscous flow of fine-grained materials that have been saturated with water and moves under the pull of gravity. It is an intermediate type of mass wasting that is between downhill creep and mudflow .
A hyperconcentrated-flow lahar can leave even frail huts standing, while at the same time burying them in mud, [8] which can harden to near-concrete hardness. A lahar's viscosity decreases the longer it flows and can be further thinned by rain, producing a quicksand -like mixture that can remain fluidized for weeks and complicate search and rescue.
This type of grading is relatively uncommon but is characteristic of sediments deposited by grain flow and debris flow. [2] A favored explanation for reverse grading in these processes is kinetic sieving. [3] It is also observed in aeolian processes, such as in pyroclastic fall deposits. [4] These deposition processes are examples of granular ...
Debris flow deposits are characterized by a bimodal distribution of grain sizes, in which larger grains and/or clasts float within a matrix of fine-grained clay. Because the muddy matrix has cohesive strength, unusually large clasts may be able to float on top of the muddy material making up the flow matrix, and thereby end up preserved on the ...
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The point where a muddy material begins to flow depends on its grain size, the water content, and the slope of the topography. Fine grained material like mud or sand can be mobilized by shallower flows than a coarse sediment or a debris flow. Higher water content (higher precipitation/overland flow) also increases the potential to initiate a ...
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