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Efforts have been made to establish computer models of cellular behavior. For example, in 2007 researchers developed an in silico model of tuberculosis to aid in drug discovery, with the prime benefit of its being faster than real time simulated growth rates, allowing phenomena of interest to be observed in minutes rather than months. [ 9 ]
Its properties have been studied in detail. [52] Silicon boils at 3265 °C: this, while high, is still lower than the temperature at which its lighter congener carbon sublimes (3642 °C) and silicon similarly has a lower heat of vaporisation than carbon, consistent with the fact that the Si–Si bond is weaker than the C–C bond. [51]
The intuition was followed by successful experimental results published in 1990. In the published experiment, it was revealed that silicon wafers can emit light if subjected to electrochemical and chemical dissolution. The published result stimulated the interest of the scientific community in its non-linear optical and electrical properties ...
Some examples of semiconductors are silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, and elements near the so-called "metalloid staircase" on the periodic table. After silicon, gallium arsenide is the second-most common semiconductor and is used in laser diodes, solar cells, microwave-frequency integrated circuits, and others.
Silicon. The thermal conductivity of silicon is better than that of most metals. [citation needed] A sponge-like porous form of silicon (p-Si) is typically prepared by the electrochemical etching of silicon wafers in a hydrofluoric acid solution. [152] Flakes of p-Si sometimes appear red; [153] it has a band gap of 1.97–2.1 eV. [154]
Almost no multiple bonds to silicon are stable, although silicon does exhibit varied coordination number. [21] Silanes, silicon analogues to the alkanes, react rapidly with water, and long-chain silanes spontaneously decompose. [22] Consequently, most terrestrial silicon is "locked up" in silica, and not a wide variety of biogenic precursors. [21]
Silicon carbide can host point defects in the crystal lattice, which are known as color centers. These defects can produce single photons on demand and thus serve as a platform for single-photon source. [94] Such a device is a fundamental resource for many emerging applications of quantum information science.
Silicon compounds are compounds containing the element silicon (Si). As a carbon group element, silicon often forms compounds in the +4 oxidation state, though many unusual compounds have been discovered that differ from expectations based on its valence electrons, including the silicides and some silanes. Metal silicides, silicon halides, and ...