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The 1884 Berlin Conference regulated European colonisation and trade in Africa, and is seen as emblematic of the "scramble". [6] In the last quarter of the 19th century, there were considerable political rivalries between the European empires , which provided the impetus for the colonisation. [ 7 ]
The conference of Berlin, as illustrated in German newspaper Die Gartenlaube The conference of Berlin, as illustrated in Illustrirte Zeitung. The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 was a meeting of colonial powers that concluded with the signing of the General Act of Berlin, [1] an agreement regulating European colonisation and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period.
The author explains the partition of Africa in terms of a complex, multi-faceted causality. As for the wider impact of European colonization on Africa, Wesseling differs from earlier authors such as Allan McPhee (The Economic Revolution in British West Africa [1926, repr. 1971, with a preface by Anthony G. Hopkins, a leading economic historian ...
German colonial rule in Africa 1884–1914 was an expression of nationalism and moral superiority that was justified by constructing an image of the natives as "Other". German colonization was characterized by the use of repressive violence in the name of 'culture' and 'civilization'. Techniques included genocide in parts of Africa. [170]
In 1884, pursuant to the Berlin Conference, colonies were officially established on the African west coast, often in areas already inhabited by German missionaries and merchants. The following year gunboats were dispatched to East Africa to contest the Sultan of Zanzibar 's claims of sovereignty over the mainland in what is today Tanzania .
Togoland, officially the Togoland Protectorate (German: Schutzgebiet Togo; French: Protectorat du Togo), was a protectorate of the German Empire in West Africa from 1884 to 1914, encompassing what is now the nation of Togo and most of what is now the Volta Region of Ghana, approximately 90,400 km 2 (29,867 sq mi) in size.
Scramble for Africa: Africa in the years 1880 and 1913, just before the First World War. The Scramble for Africa between 1870 and 1914 was a significant period of European imperialism in Africa that ended with almost all of Africa, and its natural resources, claimed as colonies by European powers, who raced to secure as much land as possible while avoiding conflict amongst themselves.
"The Hidden Hand of Overrule: Political Agents and the Establishment of British Colonial Rule in Northern Nigeria, 1886–1914". PhD dissertation accepted at the Graduate Programme in History, York University, Ontario. September 1996. Asiegbu, Johnson U. J. Nigeria and its British Invaders, 1851–1920: A Thematic Documentary History. New York ...