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  2. Integer sorting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_sorting

    In computer science, integer sorting is the algorithmic problem of sorting a collection of data values by integer keys. Algorithms designed for integer sorting may also often be applied to sorting problems in which the keys are floating point numbers, rational numbers, or text strings. [1]

  3. Collatz conjecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture

    If it can be shown that for all positive integers less than the Collatz sequences reach 1, then this bound would raise to 217 976 794 617 (355 504 839 929 without shortcut). [ 20 ] [ 14 ] In fact, Eliahou (1993) proved that the period p of any non-trivial cycle is of the form p = 301994 a + 17087915 b + 85137581 c {\displaystyle p=301994a ...

  4. Integer programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_programming

    An integer programming problem is a mathematical optimization or feasibility program in which some or all of the variables are restricted to be integers.In many settings the term refers to integer linear programming (ILP), in which the objective function and the constraints (other than the integer constraints) are linear.

  5. Predecessor problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predecessor_problem

    The problem consists of maintaining a set S, which contains a subset of U integers. Each of these integers can be stored with a word size of w, implying that . Data structures that solve the problem support these operations: [2] predecessor(x), which returns the largest element in S strictly smaller than x

  6. 10 Hard Math Problems That Even the Smartest People in the ...

    www.aol.com/10-hard-math-problems-even-150000090...

    Goldbach’s Conjecture. One of the greatest unsolved mysteries in math is also very easy to write. Goldbach’s Conjecture is, “Every even number (greater than two) is the sum of two primes ...

  7. Change-making problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change-making_problem

    Coin values can be modeled by a set of n distinct positive integer values (whole numbers), arranged in increasing order as w 1 through w n.The problem is: given an amount W, also a positive integer, to find a set of non-negative (positive or zero) integers {x 1, x 2, ..., x n}, with each x j representing how often the coin with value w j is used, which minimize the total number of coins f(W)

  8. Computational problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_problem

    A decision problem is a computational problem where the answer for every instance is either yes or no. An example of a decision problem is primality testing: "Given a positive integer n, determine if n is prime." A decision problem is typically represented as the set of all instances for which the answer is yes. For example, primality testing ...

  9. Integer overflow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_overflow

    Integer overflow can be demonstrated through an odometer overflowing, a mechanical version of the phenomenon. All digits are set to the maximum 9 and the next increment of the white digit causes a cascade of carry-over additions setting all digits to 0, but there is no higher digit (1,000,000s digit) to change to a 1, so the counter resets to zero.