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Autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) is a form of neutropenia which is most common in infants and young children [1] where the body identifies the neutrophils as enemies and makes antibodies to destroy them. Primary autoimmune neutropenia, another name for autoimmune neutropenia, is an autoimmune disease first reported in 1975 that primarily occurs in ...
Neutropenia is an abnormally low concentration of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) in the blood. [4] Neutrophils make up the majority of circulating white blood cells and serve as the primary defense against infections by destroying bacteria, bacterial fragments and immunoglobulin-bound viruses in the blood. [5]
Neutropenia, a subtype of leukopenia, refers to a decrease in the number of circulating neutrophil granulocytes, the most abundant white blood cells. The terms leukopenia and neutropenia may occasionally be used interchangeably, as the neutrophil count is the most important indicator of infection risk. Agranulocytosis is an acute form of ...
Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN), also often known as Kostmann syndrome or disease, is a group of rare disorders that affect myelopoiesis, causing a congenital form of neutropenia, usually without other physical malformations. SCN manifests in infancy with life-threatening bacterial infections. [2] It causes severe pyogenic infections.
The condition is usually caused by Gram-positive enteric commensal bacteria of the gut (). Clostridioides difficile is a species of Gram-positive bacteria that commonly causes severe diarrhea and other intestinal diseases when competing bacteria are wiped out by antibiotics, causing pseudomembranous colitis, whereas Clostridium septicum is responsible for most cases of neutropenic enterocolitis.
Cyclic neutropenia (CyN), like severe congenital neutropenia (SCN), is a rare disorder. It is considered that in the general population, CyN has a frequency of one in one million. [ 1 ] It is the result of autosomal dominant mutation in ELANE gene located on the short arm (p) of chromosome 19 (19p13.3), the gene encoding neutrophil elastase ...
Among patients with Evans syndrome, the prevailing causes of death were bleeding, infections, and hematological cancer. [ 4 ] It has been observed that there is a risk of developing other autoimmune problems and hypogammaglobulinemia , [ 30 ] in one cohort 58% of children with Evans syndrome had CD4-/CD8- T cells which is a strong predictor for ...
Neutropenia is a hematological disorder characterized by an abnormally low number of neutrophils in the blood. Neutrophils usually make up 50-70% of circulating white blood cells and serve as the primary defense against infections.