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  2. Aircraft recognition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_recognition

    Aircraft recognition is a visual skill taught to military personnel and civilian auxiliaries since the introduction of military aircraft in World War I. It is important for air defense and military intelligence gathering.

  3. Identification friend or foe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identification_friend_or_foe

    The encoded number changes day-to-day. When the number is received and decoded in the aircraft transponder, a further cryptographic encoding is applied. If the result of that operation matches the value dialled into the IFF in the aircraft, the transponder replies with a Mode 3 response as before. If the values do not match, it does not respond.

  4. List of United States Air Force reconnaissance aircraft

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air...

    O-57 Grasshopper at the National Museum of the United States Air Force A de Havilland Mosquito PR Mk XVI (F-8) of the 654th BS, Eighth Air Force at RAF Watton, 1944 North American B-25D (F-10) Mitchell photographic reconnaissance and mapping aircraft North American P-51C-5-NT Mustang (F-6C) Serial No 42-103368 of the 15th TRS at St. Dizler Airfield, France, Autumn 1944.

  5. Airborne early warning and control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airborne_early_warning_and...

    A Royal Air Force Boeing E-3 Sentry over North Yorkshire. An airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) system is an airborne radar early warning system designed to detect aircraft, ships, vehicles, missiles and other incoming projectiles at long ranges, as well as performing command and control of the battlespace in aerial engagements by informing and directing friendly fighter and attack ...

  6. Reconnaissance aircraft - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconnaissance_aircraft

    A reconnaissance aircraft (colloquially, a spy plane) is a military aircraft designed or adapted to perform aerial reconnaissance with roles including collection of imagery intelligence (including using photography), signals intelligence, as well as measurement and signature intelligence.

  7. Ground Observer Corps - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_Observer_Corps

    The 1.5 million civilian observers at 14,000 coastal observation posts performed naked eye and binocular searches to detect German or Japanese aircraft. Observations were telephoned to filter centers, which forwarded authenticated reports to the Aircraft Warning Service , which also received reports from Army radar stations .

  8. Intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence,_surveillance...

    A Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System (JSTARS). ISTAR stands for intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance.In its macroscopic sense, ISTAR is a practice that links several battlefield functions together to assist a combat force in employing its sensors and managing the information they gather.

  9. Reconnaissance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconnaissance

    Aerial reconnaissance is reconnaissance carried out by aircraft (of all types including balloons and uncrewed aircraft). The purpose is to survey weather conditions, map terrain, and may include military purposes such as observing tangible structures, particular areas, and movement of enemy forces.