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To build surplus, such as at inception or following a disaster, a reciprocal can request state regulators to allow it to rebuild surplus via policyholder surplus contributions. Reciprocal exchanges are more commonly seen in personal lines than commercial lines, in part because commercial lines insurers can be organized via other means not ...
However, in many cases, state insurance regulators have allowed insurance companies to classify the capital raised via surplus notes as “surplus” (which is the statutory equivalent of equity), because surplus note holders are last in line to make a claim on the company's assets in a default scenario, much like where equity holders reside in ...
Takaful (Arabic: التكافل, sometimes translated as "solidarity" or mutual guarantee) [1] is a co-operative system of reimbursement or repayment in case of loss, organized as an Islamic or sharia-compliant alternative to conventional insurance, which contains riba (usury) and gharar (excessive uncertainty).
A surplus lines broker seeking to procure or place nonadmitted insurance in a state for an exempt commercial purchaser ("ECP") is not required to satisfy any state requirement to a make a due diligence search to determine whether the full amount or type of insurance sought by the ECP may be obtained from admitted insurers if: (1) the broker ...
An entity which provides insurance is known as an insurer, insurance company, insurance carrier, or underwriter. A person or entity who buys insurance is known as a policyholder, while a person or entity covered under the policy is called an insured. The insurance transaction involves the policyholder assuming a guaranteed, known, and ...
A with-profits policy (Commonwealth) or participating policy is an insurance contract that participates in the profits of a life insurance company. The company is often a mutual life insurance company, or had been one when it began its with-profits product line. Similar arrangements are found in other countries such as those in continental Europe.
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However, any surplus in the funds is invested in government securities, and so is effectively lent to the government at low rates of interest. National Insurance contributions are paid into the various National Insurance Funds after deduction of monies specifically allocated to the National Health Services (NHS). However a small percentage is ...