Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The Alternatives Research and Development Foundation (ARDF) provides grants to advance the use of non-animal methods in the fields of biomedical testing, research, and education. [ 89 ] The international NC3Rs 3Rs Prize is awarded to highlight an outstanding original contribution to scientific and technological advances in the 3Rs in medical ...
The Johns Hopkins University Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT) has worked with scientists, since 1981, to find new methods to replace the use of laboratory animals in experiments, reduce the number of animals tested, and refine necessary tests to eliminate pain and distress (the Three Rs as described in Russell and Burch's Principles of Humane Experimental Technique). [1]
Charles Wilfred Valentine (16 August 1879 – 26 May 1964) was a British educationalist and psychologist.. He was a student at Cambridge University and there befriended William Gidley Emmett with whom he later co-wrote a book, The Reliability of Examinations in 1932, which questioned the value of traditional testing and helped create a foundation for alternative test methods.
In education, "alternative assessment" is in direct contrast to what is known as "traditional testing" "traditional assessment," or "standardized assessment." Instead of traditional selected-response or constructed-response tests that look for discrete facts or knowledge students recall in a standard way, students can apply knowledge in ...
Educational research refers to the systematic collection and analysis of evidence and data related to the field of education. Research may involve a variety of methods [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and various aspects of education including student learning, interaction, teaching methods , teacher training, and classroom dynamics.
The NTP Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods (NICEATM) supports the development and evaluation of new, revised, and alternative methods for chemical safety testing. Alternative methods are methods for safety testing of chemicals and chemical products that use fewer or no animals or that minimize or prevent ...
Replacement: methods which avoid the use of animals in research; Reduction: use of methods that enable researchers to minimise the number of animals necessary to obtain reliable and useful information. Refinement: use of methods that alleviate or minimize potential pain, suffering, distress, or lasting harm and improve welfare for the animals used.
The basic computer-adaptive testing method is an iterative algorithm with the following steps: [3] The pool of available items is searched for the optimal item, based on the current estimate of the examinee's ability; The chosen item is presented to the examinee, who then answers it correctly or incorrectly