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where is the void ratio, is the porosity, V V is the volume of void-space (gases and liquids), V S is the volume of solids, and V T is the total (or bulk) volume. This figure is relevant in composites , in mining (particular with regard to the properties of tailings ), and in soil science .
The density of quartz is around 2.65 g/cm 3 but the (dry) bulk density of a mineral soil is normally about half that density, between 1.0 and 1.6 g/cm 3. In contrast, soils rich in soil organic carbon and some friable clays tend to have lower bulk densities ( <1.0 g/cm 3 ) due to a combination of the low-density of the organic materials ...
Void content in composites is represented as a ratio, also called void ratio, where the volume of voids, solid material, and bulk volume are taken into account.Void ratio can be calculated by the formula below where e is the void ratio of the composite, V v is the volume of the voids, and V t is the volume of the bulk material.
Dimensionless numbers (or characteristic numbers) have an important role in analyzing the behavior of fluids and their flow as well as in other transport phenomena. [1] They include the Reynolds and the Mach numbers, which describe as ratios the relative magnitude of fluid and physical system characteristics, such as density, viscosity, speed of sound, and flow speed.
Approximate specific stiffness for various materials. No attempt is made to correct for materials whose stiffness varies with their density. Material Young's modulus Density (g/cm 3) Young's modulus per density; specific stiffness (10 6 m 2 s −2) Young's modulus per density squared (10 3 m 5 kg −1 s −2) Young's modulus per density cubed ...
Aggregation involves particulate adhesion and higher resistance to compaction. Typical bulk density of sandy soil is between 1.5 and 1.7 g/cm 3. This calculates to a porosity between 0.43 and 0.36. Typical bulk density of clay soil is between 1.1 and 1.3 g/cm 3. This calculates to a porosity between 0.58 and 0.51.
Fiber volume ratio is an important mathematical element in composite engineering. Fiber volume ratio, or fiber volume fraction , is the percentage of fiber volume in the entire volume of a fiber-reinforced composite material. [ 1 ]
Elastic properties describe the reversible deformation (elastic response) of a material to an applied stress.They are a subset of the material properties that provide a quantitative description of the characteristics of a material, like its strength.