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Distance geometry is the branch of mathematics concerned with characterizing and studying sets of points based only on given values of the distances between pairs of points. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] More abstractly, it is the study of semimetric spaces and the isometric transformations between them.
In discrete geometry, the Erdős distinct distances problem states that every set of points in the plane has a nearly-linear number of distinct distances. It was posed by Paul Erdős in 1946 [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and almost proven by Larry Guth and Nets Katz in 2015.
The Erdős Distance Problem consists of twelve chapters and three appendices. [5]After an introductory chapter describing the formulation of the problem by Paul Erdős and Erdős's proof that the number of distances is always at least proportional to , the next six chapters cover the two-dimensional version of the problem.
Proximity problems is a class of problems in computational geometry which involve estimation of distances between geometric objects.. A subset of these problems stated in terms of points only are sometimes referred to as closest point problems, [1] although the term "closest point problem" is also used synonymously to the nearest neighbor search.
The closest pair of points problem or closest pair problem is a problem of computational geometry: given points in metric space, find a pair of points with the smallest distance between them. The closest pair problem for points in the Euclidean plane [ 1 ] was among the first geometric problems that were treated at the origins of the systematic ...
In geometric measure theory, Falconer's conjecture, named after Kenneth Falconer, is an unsolved problem concerning the sets of Euclidean distances between points in compact-dimensional spaces. Intuitively, it states that a set of points that is large in its Hausdorff dimension must determine a set of distances that is large in measure .
If the Erdős–Ulam problem has a positive solution, it would provide a counterexample to the Bombieri–Lang [4] [5] conjecture and to the abc conjecture. [6] It would also solve Harborth's conjecture, on the existence of drawings of planar graphs in which all distances are integers. If a dense rational-distance set exists, any straight-line ...
The distance (or perpendicular distance) from a point to a line is the shortest distance from a fixed point to any point on a fixed infinite line in Euclidean geometry. It is the length of the line segment which joins the point to the line and is perpendicular to the line. The formula for calculating it can be derived and expressed in several ways.