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In shipping, break-bulk, breakbulk, [2] or break bulk cargo, also called general cargo, is goods that are stowed on board ships in individually counted units. Traditionally, the large numbers of items are recorded on distinct bills of lading that list them by different commodities . [ 3 ]
Ships that carry this sort of cargo are called general cargo ships. The term break bulk derives from the phrase breaking bulk—the extraction of a portion of the cargo of a ship or the beginning of the unloading process from the ship's holds. These goods may not be in shipping containers. Break bulk cargo is transported in bags, boxes, crates ...
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The definition of "breakbulk" forever changed on April 26, 1956, when Malcom McLean's SS Ideal-X, the first commercial container ship, was loaded in Newark, New Jersey, and set sail for Houston.
Compared to larger bulk carriers, handysizes carry a wider variety of cargo types. These include steel products, grain, metal ores, phosphate, cement, logs, woodchips and other types of so-called 'break bulk cargo'. They are numerically the most common size of bulk carrier, with nearly 2000 units in service totalling about 43 million tons.
The Type C5 ship is a United States Maritime Administration (MARAD) designation for World War II breakbulk cargo and later a container ship for containerization shipments. The first type C5-class ship was a class of ships constructed and produced in the United States during World War II.
C4-S-A3 14,863 DWT as break bulk cargo ship. Built by Kaiser Shipyards in Vancouver, Washington, in 1946. SS Mount Davis - Sold private in 1951, scrapped in 1971. SS Mount Greylock - Sold private in 1951, scrapped in 1971. SS Mount Mansfield - Sold private in 1951, scrapped in 1980. SS Mount Rogers - Sold private in 1951, scrapped in 1971.
Containerization eliminated manual sorting of most shipments and the need for dock front warehouses, while displacing many thousands of dock workers who formerly simply handled break bulk cargo. Containerization reduced congestion in ports, significantly shortened shipping time, and reduced losses from damage and theft. [4]