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5 July – The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (UK) is passed. 24 July – Neville Howse rescues a fallen ally under heavy fire during the Second Boer War, becoming the first Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross.
Technical education in mining, agriculture and other vocational areas was provided in several colonies by the 1870s and 1880s. prominent institutions included the Ballarat School of Mines in Victoria (founded 1870) and the Roseworthy Agricultural College in South Australia (founded 1883). Adult education in literacy, numeracy, the liberal arts ...
Decimalisation; the Australian currency is changed to dollars and cents, with the Australian dollar replacing the Australian pound. 1967: 3 February: Ronald Ryan becomes the last person legally executed in Australia. 7 February: Black Tuesday bushfires devastate large areas of Hobart and south-eastern Tasmania; 64 people were killed. 9 February
The history of Australia from 1901 to 1945 begins with the federation of the six colonies to create the Commonwealth of Australia. The young nation joined Britain in the First World War, suffered through the Great Depression in Australia as part of the global Great Depression and again joined Britain in the Second World War against Nazi Germany in 1939.
Federalism was adopted, as a constitutional principle, in Australia on 1 January 1901. Relatively few changes have been made to the formal constitution since Australian federation occurred; in practice, however, the Commonwealth government has increasingly assumed a position of pre-eminence in many areas of governance through the acquisition and negotiation of additional powers and ...
The term of Australian parliaments is determined by the opening and dissolution (or expiration) of the House of Representatives. The Senate is not normally dissolved at all, except at a double dissolution, when the entire parliament is dissolved. Parliaments do not have a fixed term. The maximum term permitted by section 28 of the Constitution of Australia is three years, counted from the date ...
The Proclamation Declaring the Establishment of the Commonwealth was a royal proclamation made by Queen Victoria on 17 September 1900 federating the six separate British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia under the name of the Commonwealth of Australia.
The colonies voted by referendum to unite in a federation in 1901, and modern Australia came into being. Australia fought as part of British Empire and later Commonwealth in the two world wars and was to become a long-standing ally of the United States through the Cold War to the present.