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Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, also known as triose phosphate or 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde and abbreviated as G3P, GA3P, GADP, GAP, TP, GALP or PGAL, is a metabolite that occurs as an intermediate in several central pathways of all organisms. [2] [3] With the chemical formula H(O)CCH(OH)CH 2 OPO 3 2-, this anion is a monophosphate ester of ...
Another way of visualising the structure is that it is the P 4 S 10 adamantane (P 4 O 10) structure with a PS 3+ vertex removed. P 4 S 4− 8 contains a square P 4 ring, [8] P 5 S 5− 10 contains a P 5 ring and P 6 S 6− 12 a P 6 ring. [11] These (PS − 2) n cyclic anions contain P with an oxidation state +3.
The sequence around the active site residues is conserved in all known triose phosphate isomerases. The structure of triose phosphate isomerase contributes to its function. Besides the precisely placed glutamate and histidine residues to form the enediol, a ten- or eleven-amino acid chain of TPI acts as a loop to stabilize the intermediate.
Triosephosphate isomerase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TPI1 gene. This gene encodes an enzyme, consisting of two identical proteins, which catalyzes the isomerization of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis .
(B) fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, splitting the C6-molecule into two triose phosphates (C) triosephosphate isomerase, interconverting DHAP and GAP. (D) glycerol pathway reducing DHAP to glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) by G3P dehydrogenase, followed by dephosphorylation to glycerol by G3Pase. (E) The lower part of glycolysis converts GAP to ...
The triose phosphate translocator is an integral membrane protein found in the inner membrane of chloroplasts. It exports triose phosphate (Dihydroxyacetone phosphate) in exchange for inorganic phosphate and is therefore classified as an antiporter. The imported phosphate is then used for ATP regeneration via the light-dependent-reaction; the ...
In enzymology, a triphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.25) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. triphosphate + H 2 O diphosphate + phosphate. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are triphosphate and H 2 O, whereas its two products are diphosphate and phosphate.
D-Glyceraldehyde is an aldotriose because the carbonyl group is at the end of the chain Dihydroxyacetone is a ketotriose because the carbonyl group is the center of the chain.. A triose is a monosaccharide, or simple sugar, containing three carbon atoms.