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The low-altitude stratus clouds that make up the June Gloom cloud layer form over the nearby ocean, and are transported over the coastal areas by the region's prevailing westerly winds. [1] The sheet-like stratus clouds are almost uniformly horizontal, covering large areas but having relatively shallow depth of 500 to 2,000 metres (1,600 to ...
During these months, upper-level northwesterly flow along the California coast is directed onshore by the Channel Islands. When the flow is blocked by the mountains that ring the Los Angeles Basin to the east and north, a counterclockwise vortex is created. As temperatures drop after sunset, the marine layer deepens and coastal stratus clouds ...
Like stratus clouds, they form at low levels; [3] but like cumulus clouds (and unlike stratus clouds), they form via convection. Unlike cumulus clouds, their growth is almost completely retarded by a strong inversion, causing them to flatten out like stratus clouds and giving them a layered appearance. These clouds are extremely common ...
Fog is a common weather phenomenon in the San Francisco Bay Area and the entire coastline of California extending south to the northwest coast of the Baja California Peninsula. The frequency of fog and low-lying stratus clouds is due to a combination of factors particular to the region that are especially prevalent in the summer.
At level with stratus nebulosus translucidus (V-90) and opacus (V-91) clouds Stratus fractus (V-89) cloud. Abbreviation: St [9] Clouds of the genus stratus form in low horizontal layers having a ragged or uniform base. Ragged stratus often forms in precipitation while more uniform stratus forms in maritime or other moist stable air mass conditions.
Clouds and potentially fog can form within a marine layer when the water-saturated air is cooled and reaches a humidity of 100%, where it will then condense and turn into water droplets. [3] Stratus and stratocumulus can form at the top of a marine layer in the presence of these conditions.
Water vapor normally begins to condense on condensation nuclei such as dust, ice, and salt in order to form clouds. [14] [15] Fog, like its elevated cousin stratus, is a stable cloud deck which tends to form when a cool, stable air mass is trapped underneath a warm air mass. [16] Fog normally occurs at a relative humidity near 100%. [17]
In contrast with the sunny summer, late spring in southern California is often overcast. This period, known to the locals as "May Gray" and "June Gloom", dims the coastal skies of sunny southern California. [6] During this time, the coastal clouds may remain all day, but often give way to some hazy afternoon sunshine.
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