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Hydrides such as sodium borohydride, lithium aluminium hydride, diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAL) and super hydride, are commonly used as reducing agents in chemical synthesis. The hydride adds to an electrophilic center, typically unsaturated carbon. Hydrides such as sodium hydride and potassium hydride are used as strong bases in organic ...
Ternary metal hydrides have the formula A x MH n, where A + is an alkali or alkaline earth metal cation, e.g. K + and Mg 2+. A celebrated example is K 2 ReH 9, a salt containing two K + ions and the ReH 9 2− anion. Other homoleptic metal hydrides include the anions in Mg 2 FeH 6 and Mg 2 NiH 4.
In general, complex metal hydrides have the formula M x M' y H n, where M is an alkali metal cation or cation complex and M' is a metal or metalloid.Well known examples feature group 13 elements, especially boron and aluminium including sodium aluminium hydride, NaAlH 4), lithium aluminium hydride, LiAlH 4, and lithium borohydride, (LiBH 4).
Metal carbonyl hydrides are used as catalysts in the hydroformylation of olefins. The catalyst is usually formed in situ in a reaction of a metal salt precursor with the syngas . The hydroformylation starts with the generation of a coordinatively unsaturated 16-electron metal carbonyl hydride complex like HCo(CO) 3 or HRh(CO)(PPh 3 ) 2 by ...
In organic chemistry, aluminium hydride is mainly used for the reduction of functional groups. [32] In many ways, the reactivity of aluminium hydride is similar to that of lithium aluminium hydride. Aluminium hydride will reduce aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, anhydrides, acid chlorides, esters, and lactones to their corresponding alcohols.
An example of the classical dihydride M(H) 2 (left) compared to the non-classical M(H 2) dihydrogen bonding (right). A more recent definition of borderline hydrides refers to hydrides that exist between classic and non-classic dihydrides. The classic form is the dihydride M(H) 2 configuration, where the metal is bound to two free hydrogen atoms.
The term hydride is probably most often used to describe compounds of hydrogen with other elements in which the hydrogen is in the formal −1 oxidation state. In most such compounds the bonding between the hydrogen and its nearest neighbor is covalent. An example of a hydride is the borohydride anion (BH − 4).
Titanium hydride normally refers to the inorganic compound TiH 2 and related nonstoichiometric materials. [1] [2] It is commercially available as a stable grey/black powder, which is used as an additive in the production of Alnico sintered magnets, in the sintering of powdered metals, the production of metal foam, the production of powdered titanium metal and in pyrotechnics.