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Transformative justice is distinguishable from restorative justice in that transformative justice places emphasis on addressing and repairing harm outside of the state. [12] adrienne maree brown uses the example of a person who has stolen money in order to buy food to sustain themselves, writing that “if the racialized system of capitalism has produced such inequality that someone who is ...
Experimental criminology is a field within criminology that uses scientific experiments to answer questions about crime: its prevention, punishment and harm. [1] These experiments are primarily conducted in real-life settings, rather than in laboratories.
Examples include American abuses during Project MKUltra and the Tuskegee syphilis experiments, and the mistreatment of indigenous populations in Canada and Australia. The Declaration of Helsinki , developed by the World Medical Association (WMA), is widely regarded as the cornerstone document on human research ethics .
Transformative social change is a philosophical, practical and strategic process to affect revolutionary change within society, i.e., social transformation.It is effectively a systems approach applied to broad-based social change and social justice efforts to catalyze sociocultural, socioeconomic and political revolution.
Experimental biology is the set of approaches in the field of biology concerned with the conduction of experiments to investigate and understand biological phenomena. The term is opposed to theoretical biology which is concerned with the mathematical modelling and abstractions of the biological systems.
The pygmy mammoth is an example of insular dwarfism, a case of Foster's rule, its unusually small body size an adaptation to the limited resources of its island home.. A biological rule or biological law is a generalized law, principle, or rule of thumb formulated to describe patterns observed in living organisms.
"Behavioral sink" is a term invented by ethologist John B. Calhoun to describe a collapse in behavior that can result from overpopulation.The term and concept derive from a series of over-population experiments Calhoun conducted on Norway rats between 1958 and 1962. [1]
Transformative research is a term that became increasingly common within the science policy community in the 2000s for research that shifts or breaks existing scientific paradigms. The idea has its provenance in Thomas Kuhn 's notion of scientific revolutions , where one scientific paradigm is overturned for another.