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The Assad family, c. 1993.Front: Anisa Makhlouf and Hafez al-Assad.Rear, left to right: Maher, Bashar, Bassel, Majd, and Bushra al-Assad. The Assad family had ruled Syria since 1971, when Hafez al-Assad seized power and became the president of Syria under the Syrian Ba'ath Party.
615–672 foreign soldiers have been killed during the conflict, mostly by military involvement from their countries and in the border areas with Syria. 16 Iraqi servicemen killed. On 2 March 2013, one Iraqi soldier was killed during clashes between Syrian rebels and government forces at a Syrian-Iraqi border crossing. [158]
Rebels claim to have killed 25 men who they accused of being a part of the Shabbiha. [14] [15] Siege of Hama: 31 July – 4 August 2012 Hama: 100–200 Syrian Army Syrian government forces reportedly killed up to 200 civilians in an assault on the city of Hama. [16] Darayya massacre: 20–25 August 2012 Darayya, Rif Dimashq: 320 [17] –500 [18 ...
On 26 September, as many as 70–80 people were killed in the desert by Syrian government forces, according to witnesses. [133] On 29 September, airstrikes killed at least 34 people in the Armanaz massacre. [134] On 13 November, Russian Air Force conducted an airstrike with unguided bombs on a crowded market in Atarib, resulting in 84 deaths. [135]
The United States, European Union, and the majority of the Arab League called for Assad to resign. The civil war has killed around 580,000 people, of which a minimum of 306,000 deaths are non-combatant; according to the Syrian Network for Human Rights, pro-Assad forces caused more than 90% of those civilian deaths. [3]
This list of wars by death toll includes all deaths directly or indirectly caused by war. These numbers encompass the deaths of military personnel resulting directly from battles or other wartime actions, as well as wartime or war-related civilian deaths, often caused by war-induced epidemics , famines , or genocides .
The uprising had reached its climax in the 1982 Hama massacre, [33] when more than 40,000 people were killed by Syrian military troops and Ba'athist paramilitaries. [34] [35] It has been described as the "single deadliest act" of violence perpetrated by any state upon its own population in modern Arab history. [34] [35]
[6] [7] Regardless, many Alawites felt as if Assad was the only option, fearing that an opposition victory would lead to mass killings of Alawites, especially after the rise of Sunni Islamism among the opposition. [8] [9] [10] Alawites were described as being "hostage" to the Assad regime. [11] Over 100,000 young Alawite men were killed in ...