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C++'s std::vector and Rust's std::vec::Vec are implementations of dynamic arrays, as are the ArrayList [25] classes supplied with the Java API [26]: 236 and the .NET Framework. [27] [28]: 22 The generic List<> class supplied with version 2.0 of the .NET Framework is also implemented with dynamic arrays.
In Lisp, lists are the fundamental data type and can represent both program code and data. In most dialects, the list of the first three prime numbers could be written as (list 2 3 5) . In several dialects of Lisp, including Scheme , a list is a collection of pairs, consisting of a value and a pointer to the next pair (or null value), making a ...
For example, to perform an element by element sum of two arrays, a and b to produce a third c, it is only necessary to write c = a + b In addition to support for vectorized arithmetic and relational operations, these languages also vectorize common mathematical functions such as sine. For example, if x is an array, then y = sin (x)
Array programming is very well suited to implicit parallelization; a topic of much research nowadays.Further, Intel and compatible CPUs developed and produced after 1997 contained various instruction set extensions, starting from MMX and continuing through SSSE3 and 3DNow!, which include rudimentary SIMD array capabilities.
The first digital computers used machine-language programming to set up and access array structures for data tables, vector and matrix computations, and for many other purposes. John von Neumann wrote the first array-sorting program in 1945, during the building of the first stored-program computer. [6]
There is no standard implementation of associative arrays in C, but a 3rd-party library, C Hash Table, with BSD license, is available. [1] Another 3rd-party library, uthash, also creates associative arrays from C structures. A structure represents a value, and one of the structure fields serves as the key. [2]
Programming languages or their standard libraries that support multi-dimensional arrays typically have a native row-major or column-major storage order for these arrays. Row-major order is used in C / C++ / Objective-C (for C-style arrays), PL/I , [ 4 ] Pascal , [ 5 ] Speakeasy , [ citation needed ] and SAS .
The C language specification includes the typedef s size_t and ptrdiff_t to represent memory-related quantities. Their size is defined according to the target processor's arithmetic capabilities, not the memory capabilities, such as available address space. Both of these types are defined in the <stddef.h> header (cstddef in C++).