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In southwestern Africa, Portuguese Angola was a historical colony of the Portuguese Empire (1575–1951), the overseas province Portuguese West Africa [a] of Estado Novo Portugal (1951–1972), and the State of Angola of the Portuguese Empire (1972–1975). It became the independent People's Republic of Angola in 1975
The Portuguese Colonial War (Portuguese: Guerra Colonial Portuguesa), also known in Portugal as the Overseas War (Guerra do Ultramar) or in the former colonies as the War of Liberation (Guerra de Libertação), and also known as the Angolan, Guinea-Bissau and Mozambican War of Independence, was a 13-year-long conflict fought between Portugal's military and the emerging nationalist movements in ...
He did so largely by making alliances with local rulers who were disaffected with Ndongo rule, notably the ruler (soba) of Muxima. In this effort, Portuguese managed to take over the province of Ilamba located between the Kwanza and Bengo Rivers, and in a hard-fought battle in 1582, founded the post at Massangano at the confluence of the Kwanza ...
On 12 August, Portugal began airlifting more than 200,000 white Portuguese Angolans from Luanda to Lisbon, via "Operation Air Bridge". South African forces invaded Angola on 23 October 1975, [85] covertly sending 1,500 to 2,000 troops from Namibia into southern Angola. FNLA-UNITA-South African forces took five provincial capitals, including ...
The colonial history of Angola is usually considered to run from the appearance of the Portuguese under Diogo Cão in 1482 [1] or 1484 (Angolan coast) [2] until the independence of Angola in November 1975. Settlement did not begin until Novais's establishment of São Paulo de Loanda in 1575, however, and the Portuguese government only formally ...
Portugal got more territory in the Zambezi Valley, but ceded the Manicaland Province to British and renounce claims of Pink Map. [33]: 6–7 2nd Luso-Ovimbo War (1890–1904) Bailundo Revolt (1902–1904) Part of Campaigns of Pacification and Occupation; Location: Angola. Portugal. Portuguese Angola; Ovimbundu Kingdoms: Victory: 31 January 1891 ...
During this phase, Portuguese colonialism focused on expanding its outposts in Africa into nation-sized territories to compete with other European powers there. Portugal pressed into the hinterland of Angola and Mozambique, and explorers Serpa Pinto, Hermenegildo Capelo and Roberto Ivens were among the first Europeans to cross Africa west to east.
Portugal annexed territories in the region which were ruled as a colony from 1655, and Angola was incorporated as an overseas province of Portugal in 1951. After the Angolan War of Independence , which ended in 1974 with an army mutiny and leftist coup in Lisbon , Angola achieved independence in 1975 through the Alvor Agreement .