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A junk (Chinese: 船; pinyin: chuán) is a type of Chinese sailing ship characterized by a central rudder, an overhanging flat transom, watertight bulkheads, and a flat-bottomed design. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] They are also characteristically built using iron nails and clamps. [ 1 ]
The Keying was a Chinese ship that employed a junk sailing rig. Scale model of a Tagalog outrigger ship with junk sails from Manila, 19th century. The junk rig, also known as the Chinese lugsail, Chinese balanced lug sail, or sampan rig, is a type of sail rig in which rigid members, called battens, span the full width of the sail and extend the sail forward of the mast.
A junk (left) and a lorcha (right) in 1936 near Sambu Island, Indonesia. Model of a lorcha in the Macau Museum, 2011. The lorcha is a type of sailing vessel having a junk rig with a Cantonese or other Chinese-style batten sails on a Portuguese or other European-style hull.
These ships used two types of sail of their invention, the junk sail and tanja sail. Large ships are about 50–60 metres (164–197 ft) long, had 5.2–7.8 metres (17–26 ft) tall freeboard, [35] each carrying provisions enough for a year, [36]: 464 and could carry 200–1000 people. The Chinese recorded that these Southeast Asian ships were ...
Keying (Chinese: 耆 英, p Qíyīng) was a three-masted, 800-ton Fuzhou Chinese trading junk which sailed from China around the Cape of Good Hope to the United States and Britain between 1846 and 1848. Her voyage was significant as it was one of the earliest instances of a Chinese sailing vessel making a transoceanic journey to the Western world.
One of the ships, USS St. Louis, cost $450 million and has been with the fleet for just two years. The U.S. Navy plans to shed more than three-dozen ships in 2023.
[25]: 179 [26]: 599, 612–613 [27]: 191–192 Junk rigs were adopted by the Chinese by around the 12th century. [28] Iconographic remains show that Chinese ships before the 12th century used square sails. [29]: 456–457, plate CDIII–CDVI It also further diffused into other East Asian shipbuilding traditions, notably Japan. [30]
A modern scale model reconstruction of a red seal ship in the National Museum of Japanese History. A 1634 Japanese red seal ship, incorporating both European-style lateen sails and Chinese-style junk rig sails, rudder and aft designs. The ships were typically armed with 6 to 8 cannons. Tokyo Naval Science Museum.