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San Marino claims to be the oldest constitutional republic in the world, founded on 3 September 301, by Marinus, a Christian stonemason fleeing the religious persecution of Roman Emperor Diocletian. San Marino's constitution, dating back to 1600, is the world's oldest written constitution still in effect.
Nation-building is a long evolutionary process, and in most cases the date of a country's "formation" cannot be objectively determined; e.g., the fact that England and France were sovereign kingdoms on equal footing in the medieval period does not prejudice the fact that England is not now a sovereign state (having passed sovereignty to Great ...
Old Kingdom of Egypt: 2686 BC: 2181 BC: 508 [3] Middle Kingdom of Egypt: 2055 BC: 1650 BC: 405 New Kingdom of Egypt: 1550 BC: 1077 BC: 473 Elam: 3200 BC: 539 BC: 2661 Principality of Elba: 1814: 1815: 0 (11 Months) Ethiopian Empire: 1270: 1974: 704 Fatimid Caliphate: 909: 1171: 262 First French Empire: 1804: 1815: 11 Second French Empire: 1852: ...
Mexico City. 1325 A.D. Today, Mexico City is known as the capital and largest city of Mexico, plus it is the most populous city in North America with some 22 million people.
Oldest continuously inhabited European-founded city of the current 50 U.S. states. Santa Fe: New Spain United States: 1607 AD Oldest continuously inhabited state or territorial capital in the continental United States. Quebec City: New France Canada: 1608 AD Oldest city in Canada and oldest French-speaking city in the Americas. Hopewell ...
This is a list of articles covering the history of present-day nations, states, and dependencies. Countries are listed in bold under their respective pages, whereas territories and dependencies are not. Disputed and unrecognized countries are italicized.
Jericho is among the oldest cities in the world, [7] [8] [9] and it is also the city with the oldest known defensive wall. [10] Archaeologists have unearthed the remains of more than 20 successive settlements in Jericho, the first of which dates back 11,000 years (to 9000 BCE), [ 11 ] [ 12 ] almost to the very beginning of the Holocene epoch of ...
This list includes defunct and extant monarchical dynasties of sovereign and non-sovereign statuses at the national and subnational levels. Monarchical polities each ruled by a single family—that is, a dynasty, although not explicitly styled as such, like the Golden Horde and the Qara Qoyunlu—are included.