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  2. Ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratio

    Mathematically, we write 40:60 = 2:3, or equivalently 40:60∷2:3. The verbal equivalent is "40 is to 60 as 2 is to 3." A ratio that has integers for both quantities and that cannot be reduced any further (using integers) is said to be in simplest form or lowest terms.

  3. Standard deviation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation

    For example, each of the three populations {0, 0, 14, 14}, {0, 6, 8, 14} and {6, 6, 8, 8} has a mean of 7. Their standard deviations are 7, 5, and 1, respectively. The third population has a much smaller standard deviation than the other two because its values are all close to 7.

  4. UAN - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UAN

    UAN is a solution of urea and ammonium nitrate in water used as a fertilizer.The combination of urea and ammonium nitrate has an extremely low critical relative humidity (18% at 30 °C) and can therefore only be used in liquid fertilizers.

  5. Random close pack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_close_pack

    Random close packing (RCP) of spheres is an empirical parameter used to characterize the maximum volume fraction of solid objects obtained when they are packed randomly. For example, when a solid container is filled with grain, shaking the container will reduce the volume taken up by the objects, thus allowing more grain to be added to the container.

  6. Ejection fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejection_fraction

    Modalities applied to measurement of ejection fraction is an emerging field of medical mathematics and subsequent computational applications. The first common measurement method is echocardiography, [7] [8] although cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), [8] [9] cardiac computed tomography, [8] [9] ventriculography and nuclear medicine (gated SPECT and radionuclide angiography) [8] [10 ...

  7. Fertilizer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilizer

    A 50-pound (23 kg) bag of fertilizer labeled 16-4-8 contains 8 lb (3.6 kg) of nitrogen (16% of the 50 pounds), an amount of phosphorus equivalent to that in 2 pounds of P 2 O 5 (4% of 50 pounds), and 4 pounds of K 2 O (8% of 50 pounds).

  8. Progressive tax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_tax

    Pitt's new graduated (progressive) income tax began at a levy of 2 old pence in the pound (1 ⁄ 120 or 0.83%) on annual incomes over £60 and increased up to a maximum of 2 shillings (10%) on incomes of over £200. Pitt hoped that the new income tax would raise £10 million, but actual receipts for 1799 totalled just over £6 million.

  9. History of the United States public debt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_United...

    The Federal Government has over 6:1 debt to revenue ratio as of Q3 2022 Federal, State & Local debt almost $32 trillion in 2021 The history of the United States public debt began with federal government debt incurred during the American Revolutionary War by the first U.S treasurer, Michael Hillegas , after the country's formation in 1776.