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Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3 (HCA 3), also known as niacin receptor 2 (NIACR2) and GPR109B, [5] is a protein which in humans is encoded by the HCAR3 gene. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] HCA 3 , like the other hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors HCA 1 and HCA 2 , is a G i/o -coupled G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR).
3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a beta-hydroxy acid that is naturally produced in humans, other animals, and plants. 3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is the primary endogenous agonist of hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3 (HCA 3 ), a G protein-coupled receptor protein which is encoded by the human gene HCAR3 .
The hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor (abbreviated HCA receptor and HCAR) family includes the following human proteins: [1] Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCA 1 , formerly known as GPR81) Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA 2 , formerly known as niacin receptor 1 and GPR109A)
HCA 2 is expressed by: 1) certain cells in the immune system, e.g., neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, dermal dendritic cells, [18] and lymphocytes; [13] 2) cells in the small intestine and colon epithelum that face the intestinal lumen; [26] 3) the skin's epithelial cells, keratinocytes, and Langerhans cells; [27] 4) brown and white adipose tissue fat cells; [28] 5) cells in the mammary ...
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCA 1), formerly known as G protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HCAR1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] HCA 1 , like the other hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors HCA 2 and HCA 3 , is a G i/o -coupled G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR).
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HCA Healthcare owns and operates the hospital. HCA Florida Kendall Hospital is a teaching hospital that serves as the primary training location for several residency and fellowship programs. It currently hosts accredited residencies in the fields of anesthesia , emergency medicine , general surgery , internal medicine , neurology and podiatry .
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