Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
VeraCrypt is a free and open-source utility for on-the-fly encryption (OTFE). [5] The software can create a virtual encrypted disk that works just like a regular disk but within a file. It can also encrypt a partition [6] or (in Windows) the entire storage device with pre-boot authentication. [7] VeraCrypt is a fork of the discontinued ...
In cryptography, DES-X (or DESX) is a variant on the DES (Data Encryption Standard) symmetric-key block cipher intended to increase the complexity of a brute-force attack. The technique used to increase the complexity is called key whitening. The original DES algorithm was specified in 1976 with a 56-bit key size: 2 56 possibilities for the key.
SHA-1: A 160-bit hash function which resembles the earlier MD5 algorithm. This was designed by the National Security Agency (NSA) to be part of the Digital Signature Algorithm . Cryptographic weaknesses were discovered in SHA-1, and the standard was no longer approved for most cryptographic uses after 2010.
Blowfish has a 64-bit block size and a variable key length from 32 bits up to 448 bits. [5] It is a 16-round Feistel cipher and uses large key-dependent S-boxes. In structure it resembles CAST-128, which uses fixed S-boxes. The Feistel structure of Blowfish. The adjacent diagram shows Blowfish's encryption routine. Each line represents 32 bits.
Figure 3 illustrates the key schedule for encryption—the algorithm which generates the subkeys. Initially, 56 bits of the key are selected from the initial 64 by Permuted Choice 1 (PC-1)—the remaining eight bits are either discarded or used as parity check bits. The 56 bits are then divided into two 28-bit halves; each half is thereafter ...
ICE is a 16-round Feistel network.Each round uses a 32→32 bit F function, which uses 60 bits of key material. The structure of the F function is somewhat similar to DES: The input is expanded by taking overlapping fields, the expanded input is XORed with a key, and the result is fed to a number of reducing S-boxes which undo the expansion.
Lucks: 2 32 known plaintexts, 2 113 operations including 2 90 DES encryptions, 2 88 memory; Biham: find one of 2 28 target keys with a handful of chosen plaintexts per key and 2 84 encryptions In cryptography , Triple DES ( 3DES or TDES ), officially the Triple Data Encryption Algorithm ( TDEA or Triple DEA ), is a symmetric-key block cipher ...
w – The length of a word in bits, typically 16, 32 or 64. Encryption is done in 2-word blocks. u = w/8 – The length of a word in bytes. b – The length of the key in bytes. K[] – The key, considered as an array of bytes (using 0-based indexing). c – The length of the key in words (or 1, if b = 0).