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Since the 19th century figure Ferdinand Christian Baur, biblical scholars have found evidence of conflict among the leaders of early Christianity; for example, James D. G. Dunn proposes that Peter was a "bridge-man" between the opposing views of Paul and James, brother of Jesus. [2]
The Jerusalem Church was an early Christian community located in Jerusalem, of which James and Peter were leaders. According to a universal tradition the first bishop was the Apostle James the Less, the "brother of the Lord". His predominant place and residence in the city are implied by Galatians 1:19.
Jesus (on the left) is being identified by John the Baptist as the "Lamb of God who takes away of the sins of the world", in John 1:29. [1] 17th century depiction by Vannini. Tissot, James, The calling of Peter and Andrew. The calling of the disciples is a key episode in the life of Jesus in the New Testament.
Jesus appeared to the disciples after he had left, and he commanded James and Peter to be filled. Jesus reminded them that they had seen the human Son, and they should be filled and leave no space empty, or he who is coming will mock them. Peter questions why Jesus keeps telling them to "be filled" with the spirit when they already feel full.
The Jerusalem group of twelve had probably already been replaced by a committee of three under the leadership of Jesus' eldest brother (Mk 6:3), James (Gal 2:9); the other apostles no longer appear. Peter had left Jerusalem after the council and traveled around Asia Minor as a missionary (Gal 2:11-14; 1 Cor 9). [43]
When Peter saw the large catch, which filled both boats almost to sinking point, he fell at Jesus' knees and said, "Go away from me, Lord; I am a sinful man!" [ 2 ] Jesus responded "Don't be afraid; from now on you will catch men", [ 2 ] after which Peter and his partners James and John left everything and followed Jesus.
The Tosaphist Rabbeinu Tam wrote that Peter was "a devout and learned Jew who dedicated his life to guiding gentiles along the proper path". [citation needed] Rabbeinu Tam also taught that Peter was the author of the Shabbat and feast-day [4] prayer Nishmat, and this was a popularly held belief through the Middle Ages.
The Evangelical Dictionary of Theology illustrates the leading role that Peter played among the Apostles, speaking up on matters that concern them all, being called by Jesus by a name linking him with the rock on which Jesus would build his church, being charged with pastoring the flock of Christ, and taking the leading role in the initial church.
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