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The Italian city-states were numerous political and independent territorial entities that existed in the Italian Peninsula from antiquity to the formation of the Kingdom of Italy in the late 19th century. The ancient Italian city-states were Etruscan (Dodecapolis), Latin, most famously Rome, and Greek (Magna Graecia), but also of Umbrian ...
Italy, up until its unification in 1861, was a conglomeration of city-states, republics, and other independent entities.The following is a list of the various Italian states during that period.
At sea, Italian city-states sent many fleets out to do battle. The main contenders were Pisa, Genoa, and Venice, but after a long conflict, the Genoese succeeded in reducing Pisa. Venice proved to be a more powerful adversary, and with the decline of Genoese power during the 15th century Venice became pre-eminent on the seas.
During the Renaissance, noble families conquered most of the Italian city-states except the republics of Venice, Genoa, Lucca, San Marino and Ragusa. Until 1806, parts of the present-day Italy formed the Kingdom of Italy, belonging to the Holy Roman Empire .
Keeping direct Church control and Imperial power at arm's length, the many independent city-states prospered through commerce, ultimately creating the conditions for the artistic and intellectual changes produced by the Renaissance. [84] [85] Northern cities and states were notable for their merchant republics, especially the Republic of Venice ...
In the Treaty of London (1557), five cities on the coast of Tuscany were designated the Stato dei Presidi (State of the Presidi), and part of the Kingdom of Naples. As the most populous holding of the Spanish Empire outside of Castile itself (with 3 million inhabitants in 1600), [ 8 ] Naples remained an important source of economic and military ...
Maritime republics and Italian city-states; ... Italian Renaissance (14th–16th c.) Italian ... by attacking the coastal city on 4 August 1135 during the war waged ...
All this led to a new Kingdom of Italy and Italian unification. During the Napoleonic era, in 1797, the first official adoption of the Italian tricolour as a national flag by a sovereign Italian state, the Cispadane Republic, a Napoleonic sister republic of Revolutionary France, took place, on the basis of the events following the French ...