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  2. Butyraldehyde - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyraldehyde

    Butyraldehyde, also known as butanal, is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 (CH 2) 2 CHO. This compound is the aldehyde derivative of butane . It is a colorless flammable liquid with an unpleasant smell.

  3. Isobutyraldehyde - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isobutyraldehyde

    It is an aldehyde, isomeric with n-butyraldehyde (butanal). [1] Isobutyraldehyde is made, often as a side-product, by the hydroformylation of propene. Its odour is described as that of wet cereal or straw. It undergoes the Cannizaro reaction even though it has alpha hydrogen atom. It is a colorless volatile liquid.

  4. Butyric acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyric_acid

    In industry, butyric acid is produced by hydroformylation from propene and syngas, forming butyraldehyde, which is oxidised to the final product. [7] H 2 + CO + CH 3 CH=CH 2 → CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CHO butyric acid. It can be separated from aqueous solutions by saturation with salts such as calcium chloride.

  5. Butyryl-CoA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyryl-CoA

    Butyryl-CoA (or butyryl-coenzyme A, butanoyl-CoA) is an organic coenzyme A-containing derivative of butyric acid. [1] It is a natural product found in many biological pathways, such as fatty acid metabolism (degradation and elongation), fermentation, and 4-aminobutanoate (GABA) degradation.

  6. γ-Hydroxybutyraldehyde - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Γ-hydroxybutyraldehyde

    It is a chemical intermediate in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) from 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD). [2] Like 1,4-BD, it also behaves as a prodrug to GHB when taken exogenously.

  7. Formaldehyde - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formaldehyde

    Formaldehyde occurs naturally, and is "an essential intermediate in cellular metabolism in mammals and humans." [40] According to the American Chemistry Council, "Formaldehyde is found in every living system—from plants to animals to humans. It metabolizes quickly in the body, breaks down rapidly, is not persistent and does not accumulate in ...

  8. Alcohol dehydrogenase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_dehydrogenase

    The main alcohol dehydrogenase in yeast is larger than the human one, consisting of four rather than just two subunits. It also contains zinc at its catalytic site. Together with the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenases of animals and humans, these enzymes from yeasts and many bacteria form the family of "long-chain"-alcohol dehydrogenases.

  9. Aldol reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldol_reaction

    Aldol structural units are found in many important molecules, whether naturally occurring or synthetic. [8] [9] The reaction is well used on an industrial scale, notably of pentaerythritol, [10] trimethylolpropane, the plasticizer precursor 2-ethylhexanol, and the drug Lipitor (atorvastatin, calcium salt). [11]