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In geometry, space partitioning is the process of dividing an entire space (usually a Euclidean space) into two or more disjoint subsets (see also partition of a set). In other words, space partitioning divides a space into non-overlapping regions. Any point in the space can then be identified to lie in exactly one of the regions.
(Note: this is the partition, not a member of the partition.) For any non-empty set X, P = { X} is a partition of X, called the trivial partition. Particularly, every singleton set {x} has exactly one partition, namely { {x} }. For any non-empty proper subset A of a set U, the set A together with its complement form a partition of U, namely ...
Let be a metric space with distance function .Let be a set of indices and let () be a tuple (indexed collection) of nonempty subsets (the sites) in the space .The Voronoi cell, or Voronoi region, , associated with the site is the set of all points in whose distance to is not greater than their distance to the other sites , where is any index different from .
Binary space partitioning arose from computer graphics needing to rapidly draw three-dimensional scenes composed of polygons. A simple way to draw such scenes is the painter's algorithm , which produces polygons in order of distance from the viewer, back to front, painting over the background and previous polygons with each closer object.
The only partition of zero is the empty sum, having no parts. The order-dependent composition 1 + 3 is the same partition as 3 + 1, and the two distinct compositions 1 + 2 + 1 and 1 + 1 + 2 represent the same partition as 2 + 1 + 1. An individual summand in a partition is called a part.
A cut C = (S, T) is a partition of V of a graph G = (V, E) into two subsets S and T. The cut-set of a cut C = (S, T) is the set {(u, v) ∈ E | u ∈ S, v ∈ T} of edges that have one endpoint in S and the other endpoint in T. If s and t are specified vertices of the graph G, then an s – t cut is a cut in which s belongs to the set S and t ...
Line arrangements. In discrete geometry, an arrangement is the decomposition of the d-dimensional linear, affine, or projective space into connected cells of different dimensions, induced by a finite collection of geometric objects, which are usually of dimension one less than the dimension of the space, and often of the same type as each other, such as hyperplanes or spheres.
The simplest way of viewing division is in terms of quotition and partition: from the quotition perspective, 20 / 5 means the number of 5s that must be added to get 20. In terms of partition, 20 / 5 means the size of each of 5 parts into which a set of size 20 is divided. For example, 20 apples divide into five groups of four apples, meaning ...