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In SI units, permeability is measured in henries per meter (H/m), or equivalently in newtons per ampere squared (N/A 2). The permeability constant μ 0, also known as the magnetic constant or the permeability of free space, is the proportionality between magnetic induction and magnetizing force when forming a magnetic field in a classical vacuum.
The vacuum magnetic permeability (variously vacuum permeability, permeability of free space, permeability of vacuum, magnetic constant) is the magnetic permeability in a classical vacuum. It is a physical constant , conventionally written as μ 0 (pronounced "mu nought" or "mu zero").
The definitions for monopoles are of theoretical interest, although real magnetic dipoles can be described using pole strengths. There are two possible units for monopole strength, Wb (Weber) and A m (Ampere metre). Dimensional analysis shows that magnetic charges relate by q m (Wb) = μ 0 q m (Am).
where χ is called the volume magnetic susceptibility, and μ is called the magnetic permeability of the material. The magnetic potential energy per unit volume (i.e. magnetic energy density) of the paramagnet (or diamagnet) in the magnetic field is:
There are two other measures of susceptibility, the molar magnetic susceptibility (χ m) with unit m 3 /mol, and the mass magnetic susceptibility (χ ρ) with unit m 3 /kg that are defined below, where ρ is the density with unit kg/m 3 and M is molar mass with unit kg/mol: =; = =.
The value of ε 0 is defined by the formula [3] ε 0 = 1 μ 0 c 2 {\displaystyle \varepsilon _{0}={\frac {1}{\mu _{0}c^{2}}}} where c is the defined value for the speed of light in classical vacuum in SI units , [ 4 ] : 127 and μ 0 is the parameter that international standards organizations refer to as the magnetic constant (also called vacuum ...
The total energy in the space occupied by the system includes a component arising from the energy of a magnetic field in a vacuum. This component equals U v a c u u m = B e 2 V 2 μ 0 {\displaystyle U_{vacuum}={\frac {B_{e}^{2}V}{2\mu _{0}}}} , where μ 0 {\displaystyle \mu _{0}} is the permeability of free space , and isn't included as a part ...
The electromagnetic wave equation is a second-order partial differential equation that describes the propagation of electromagnetic waves through a medium or in a vacuum. It is a three-dimensional form of the wave equation. The homogeneous form of the equation, written in terms of either the electric field E or the magnetic field B, takes the form: