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Benzyl alcohol is used effectively for treating lice infestations as the active ingredient in lotion shampoo with 5% benzyl alcohol. [13] Benzyl alcohol is an ingredient used in the manufacture of soaps, topical creams, skin lotions, shampoos, and facial cleansers and is popular due to its anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties.
Phenol is reduced to benzene when it is distilled with zinc dust or when its vapour is passed over granules of zinc at 400 °C: [22] C 6 H 5 OH + Zn → C 6 H 6 + ZnO. When phenol is treated with diazomethane in the presence of boron trifluoride (BF 3), anisole is obtained as the main product and nitrogen gas as a byproduct. C 6 H 5 OH + CH 2 N ...
The term stems from cumene (isopropyl benzene), the intermediate material during the process. It was invented by R. Ūdris and P. Sergeyev in 1942 (USSR), [1] and independently by Heinrich Hock in 1944. [2] [3] This process converts two relatively cheap starting materials, benzene and propylene, into two more valuable ones, phenol and acetone.
The Raschig–Hooker process's ability to make phenol makes it comparable to other methods, such as the Dow and Bayer process, which also converts benzene into phenol. In fact, the ability to recycle the hydrogen chloride made the Raschig–Hooker process preferable to the Dow and Bayer process, which requires its sodium chloride product to be ...
In the body, benzene is enzymatically converted to a series of oxidation products including muconic acid, phenylmercapturic acid, phenol, catechol, hydroquinone and 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene. Most of these metabolites have some value as biomarkers of human exposure, since they accumulate in the urine in proportion to the extent and duration of ...
The simplest is phenol, C 6 H 5 OH. Phenolic compounds are classified as simple phenols or polyphenols based on the number of phenol units in the molecule. Phenol – the simplest of the phenols Chemical structure of salicylic acid, the active metabolite of aspirin. Phenols are both synthesized industrially and produced by plants and ...
The term alcohol originally referred to the primary alcohol ethanol (ethyl alcohol), which is used as a drug and is the main alcohol present in alcoholic drinks. The suffix -ol appears in the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) chemical name of all substances where the hydroxyl group is the functional group with the ...
Alcohol oxidation is a collection of oxidation reactions in organic chemistry that convert alcohols to aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters. The reaction mainly applies to primary and secondary alcohols. Secondary alcohols form ketones, while primary alcohols form aldehydes or carboxylic acids. [1] A variety of oxidants can be used.