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  2. John Jones (abolitionist) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Jones_(abolitionist)

    He led a campaign to end the Black Codes of Illinois and was the first African-American to win public office in the state. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Jones was the first black man in the state of Illinois to serve on a grand jury in 1870, became a notary public in 1871 and the same year was elected to the Cook County Commission .

  3. List of Jim Crow law examples by state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Jim_Crow_law...

    This is a list of examples of Jim Crow laws, which were state, territorial, and local laws in the United States enacted between 1877 and 1965. Jim Crow laws existed throughout the United States and originated from the Black Codes that were passed from 1865 to 1866 and from before the American Civil War.

  4. Racial segregation in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racial_segregation_in_the...

    School segregation in the North was also a major issue. [97] In Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, towns in the south of those states enforced school segregation, despite the fact that it was prohibited by state laws. [97] Indiana also required school segregation by state law. [97]

  5. Jim Crow laws - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Crow_laws

    Gender and Jim Crow: Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896–1920. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1996. ISBN 0-8078-2287-6; Griffin, John Howard. Black Like Me. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1961. Haws, Robert, ed.

  6. Thirty years after end of apartheid, equality eludes ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/thirty-years-end-apartheid...

    Nelson Mandela's African National Congress promised South Africans "A Better Life For All" when it swept to power in the country's first democratic election in 1994, marking the end of white ...

  7. Sundown town - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sundown_town

    In 1853, new black residents were banned from moving to the state of Illinois. Those new residents who remained more than ten days and were unable to pay the fine were to be punished by forced labor. Although this law faced significant resistance, especially in Illinois' small black community, it was not repealed until the end of the Civil War ...

  8. Nelson Mandela, Divestment, and the End of Apartheid - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/2013-12-07-nelson-mandela...

    Our capacity to do so is as important now as it was during the darkest days of Apartheid. Campaign against Apartheid College students launched the movement against Apartheid in 1977, and it became ...

  9. It's 30 years since apartheid ended. South Africa's ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/30-years-since-apartheid-ended...

    The ANC has been in power ever since the first democratic, all-race election of April 27, 1994, the vote that officially ended apartheid. It's 30 years since apartheid ended. South Africa's ...