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  2. Biofilm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofilm

    Biofilms are formed by bacteria that colonize plants, e.g. Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and related pseudomonads which are common plant-associated bacteria found on leaves, roots, and in the soil, and the majority of their natural isolates form biofilms. [91]

  3. Microbial mat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_mat

    A microbial mat is a multi-layered sheet or biofilm of microbial colonies, composed of mainly bacteria and/or archaea. Microbial mats grow at interfaces between different types of material, mostly on submerged or moist surfaces, but a few survive in deserts. [1] A few are found as endosymbionts of animals.

  4. Quorum sensing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quorum_sensing

    The criteria to form a biofilm is dependent on a certain density of bacteria rather than a certain number of bacteria being present. When aggregated in high enough densities, some bacteria may form biofilms to protect themselves from biotic or abiotic threats. [59] Quorum sensing is used by both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria because ...

  5. Bacteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria

    Biofilms. Bacteria often attach to surfaces and form dense aggregations called biofilms [49] and larger formations known as microbial mats. [50] These biofilms and mats can range from a few micrometres in thickness to up to half a metre in depth, and may contain multiple species of bacteria, protists and archaea.

  6. Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas_aeruginosa

    P. aeruginosa growth within the human body can be asymptomatic until the bacteria form a biofilm, which overwhelms the immune system. These biofilms are found in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia, and can prove fatal.

  7. Phototrophic biofilm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phototrophic_biofilm

    Biofilms are used in wastewater treatment facilities and constructed wetlands for processes such as cleaning pesticide and fertilizer-laden water because it is simple to form flocs, or aggregates, using biofilms as compared to other floc materials.

  8. Application of biofilms in industry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_of_biofilms_in...

    Biofilms can consist of a multitude of bacteria, fungi, and algae which are able to absorb, immobilize, and degrade many common pollutants found in wastewater.By harnessing a natural phenomenon, biofilm-mediated remediation is an environmentally friendly method for environmental cleanup. [3]

  9. Streptococcus mutans - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus_mutans

    These sticky polysaccharides are responsible for the bacteria's ability to aggregate with one another and adhere to tooth enamel, i.e. to form biofilms. Use of Anti Cell-Associated Glucosyltransferase (Anti-CA-gtf) Immunoglobulin Y disrupts S. mutans' ability to adhere to the teeth enamel, thus preventing it from reproducing.

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