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The destruction of Hargeisa and Burao (Somali: duqayntii Hargeysa iyo Burco) occurred in 1988 during the Somali Civil War.It was part of a counteroffensive launched by the Somali government under President Mohamed Siad Barre against the Somali National Movement (SNM), an opposition group active in northern Somalia (modern-day Somaliland).
The Somali National Movement (Somali: Dhaqdhaqaaqa Wadaniga Soomaaliyeed, Arabic: الحركة الوطنية الصومالية) was one of the first and most important organized guerilla groups and Mujahideen [4] groups that opposed the Siad Barre regime in the 1980s to the 1990s, as well as being the main anti-government faction during the Somaliland War of Independence. [5]
The Somaliland War of Independence [32] [33] (Somali: Dagaalkii Xoraynta Soomaaliland, lit. 'Somaliland Liberation War') was a rebellion waged by the Somali National Movement (SNM) against the ruling military junta in Somalia led by General Siad Barre lasting from its founding on 6 April 1981 and ended on 18 May 1991 when the SNM declared what was then northern Somalia independent as the ...
Although the SNM forces managed to shoot down a plane they took heavy casualties. [3] The SNM attack on Hargeisa started at 2:15 a.m. on 31 May. [27] The SNM force attacking Hargeisa was estimated at 500 men equipped with 84 vehicles, of whom only 14 were left due to vehicles being sent to the front in Adadley. [23]
The Isaaq genocide (Somali: Xasuuqii beesha Isaaq; Arabic: الإبادة الجماعية لقبيلة إسحاق), [7] [8] also known as the Hargeisa Holocaust, [8] [9] [10] was the systematic, state-sponsored genocide of Isaaq civilians between 1987 and 1989 by the Somali Democratic Republic, under the dictatorship of Siad Barre, during the Somaliland War of Independence.
On April 10, 1983, SNM Colonel Abdillahi Askar was captured by the 26th Sector of Hargeisa, Somali armed forces. He was scheduled to be publicly executed the next day. [3] At the time, Koodbur was secretly involved in the SNM and was also the public relations officer for the 26th Sector of the Somali armed forces Hargeisa.
In May 2013, Degaweyne announced that Somaliland is an inalienable territory at a celebration of Somaliland's independence. [18] In October 2013, Degaweyne criticized the Somaliland government's treatment of Berbera. [19] In December 2013, Degaweyne expressed support for the UCID party, which criticizes the current government. [20]
Between 1985 and 1987, the SNM conducted many attacks on government facilities and troops based out of camps in Ethiopia. By 1988, the SNM moved out of their camps in Ethiopia and began operating in northern Somali republic, the area now known as Somaliland. [2] They even temporarily occupied the provincial capitals of Burao and Hargeysa.