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  2. Hunting reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunting_reaction

    The term Lewis reaction is used too, named after Thomas Lewis, who first described the effect in 1930. [1] Vasoconstriction occurs first to reduce heat loss, but also results in strong cooling of the extremities. Approximately five to ten minutes after the start of cold exposure, the blood vessels in the extremities will suddenly vasodilate.

  3. Central nervous system fatigue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Nervous_System_Fatigue

    In the brain, serotonin is a neurotransmitter and regulates arousal, behavior, sleep, and mood, among other things. [9] During prolonged exercise where central nervous system fatigue is present, serotonin levels in the brain are higher than normal physiological conditions; these higher levels can increase perceptions of effort and peripheral muscle fatigue. [9]

  4. Disorders of diminished motivation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disorders_of_diminished...

    The dopamine D 1 receptor appears to have an important role in motivation and reward. [38] Centrally acting dopamine D 1-like receptor agonists like tavapadon and razpipadon and D 1 receptor positive modulators like mevidalen and glovadalen are under development for medical use, including treatment of Parkinson's disease and notably of dementia ...

  5. Dopamine released during exercise linked to improved ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/dopamine-released-during-exercise...

    Pleasure hormone dopamine is a key cause of improved reaction times following exercise, according to new research. Scientists at the University of Portsmouth say the findings could lead to new ...

  6. Dopaminergic pathways - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dopaminergic_pathways

    The dopamine neurons of the dopaminergic pathways synthesize and release the neurotransmitter dopamine. [2] [3] Enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase and dopa decarboxylase are required for dopamine synthesis. [4] These enzymes are both produced in the cell bodies of dopamine neurons. Dopamine is stored in the cytoplasm and vesicles in axon terminals.

  7. Dopamine transporter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dopamine_transporter

    The dopamine transporter (DAT, also sodium-dependent dopamine transporter) is a membrane-spanning protein coded for in humans by the SLC6A3 gene (also known as DAT1), that pumps the neurotransmitter dopamine out of the synaptic cleft back into cytosol. In the cytosol, other transporters sequester the dopamine into vesicles for storage and later ...

  8. Nucleus accumbens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleus_accumbens

    Drug-induced dopamine release in the NAcc shell and NAcc core is usually not prone to habituation (i.e., the development of drug tolerance: a decrease in dopamine release from future drug exposure as a result of repeated drug exposure); on the contrary, repeated exposure to drugs that induce dopamine release in the NAcc shell and core typically ...

  9. Mesolimbic pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolimbic_pathway

    The mesolimbic pathway and its positioning in relation to the other dopaminergic pathways. The mesolimbic pathway is a collection of dopaminergic (i.e., dopamine-releasing) neurons that project from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the ventral striatum, which includes the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and olfactory tubercle. [9]