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Early settlements in the area of modern-day Luxembourg before the 10th century with the church of Saint-Saveur (today Saint-Michel) built in 987. The first known reference to the territory was made by Julius Caesar in his Commentarii de Bello Gallico. [1] The historical region of Luxembourg belonged to the Roman province of Belgica Prima. [2]
The history of Luxembourg properly began with the construction of Luxembourg Castle in the High Middle Ages. It was Siegfried I , count of Ardennes who traded some of his ancestral lands with the monks of the Abbey of St. Maximin in Trier in 963 for an ancient, supposedly Roman, fort named Lucilinburhuc , commonly translated as "little castle ...
Luxembourg is the world's only extant sovereign grand duchy, a status to which Luxembourg was promoted in 1815 upon its unification with the Netherlands under the House of Orange-Nassau. The Luxembourg constitution defines the grand duke's position: The grand duke is the head of state, symbol of its unity, and guarantor of national independence.
The three partitions of Luxembourg reduced Luxembourg's area substantially, to the advantage of the three surrounding countries. There were three Partitions of Luxembourg between 1659 and 1839. Together, the three partitions reduced the territory of the Duchy of Luxembourg from 10,700 km 2 (4,100 sq mi) to the present-day area of 2,586 km 2 ...
The House of Salm was an ancient Lotharingian noble family originating from Salmchâteau in the Ardennes (present-day Belgium) and ruling Salm.The dynasty is above all known for the experiences of the Upper Salm branch which came to be located at Château de Salm in the Vosges mountain range and over time came to rule over a principality whose capital was Badonviller then Senones.
Giselbert of Luxembourg (c. 1007 – 14 August 1059) was count of Salm and of Longwy, then count of Luxemburg from 1047 to 1059. He was a son of Frederick of Luxembourg , [ 1 ] count of Moselgau, and perhaps of Ermentrude of Gleiberg.
Luxembourg was an independent fief of the Holy Roman Empire until 1353, when the Luxembourg emperor Charles IV elevated it to the status of a duchy for his half-brother, Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg. Upon the extinction of the Luxembourg dynasty, the duchy passed to the House of Valois-Burgundy in 1443, and then to the Archduchy of Austria in
Luxembourg was partitioned three times, reducing its size. Having been restored in 1815 after the defeat of Napoleon, it regained independence in 1867 after the Luxembourg Crisis. Luxembourg is a developed country with an advanced economy, and has one of the world's highest PPP-adjusted GDPs per capita as per IMF and World Bank estimates.