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A common example of a velarized consonant is the velarized alveolar lateral approximant (or "dark L"). In some accents of English, such as Received Pronunciation and arguably General American English, the phoneme /l/ has "dark" and "light" allophones: the "dark", velarized allophone [ɫ] appears in syllable coda position (e.g. in full), while the "light", non-velarized allophone [l] appears in ...
In disordered speech there are also velo-dorsal stops, with the opposite articulation: The velum lowers to contact the tongue, which remains static. In the extensions to the IPA for disordered speech, these are transcribed by reversing the IPA letter for a velar consonant, e.g. 𝼃 for a voiceless velodorsal stop, [ d ] 𝼁 for voiced, and ...
The voiced velarized alveolar approximant (a.k.a. dark l) is a type of consonantal sound used in some languages. It is an alveolar, denti-alveolar, or dental lateral approximant, with a secondary articulation of velarization or pharyngealization .
Its place of articulation is alveolar, which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge, termed respectively apical and laminal. Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation. It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
Its manner of articulation is fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence. Its place of articulation is alveolar, which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge, termed respectively apical and laminal.
Velarized or pharyngealized ᵊ: Mid central vowel release ̽: Mid-centralized ̝ ˔ Raised ᶿ Voiceless dental fricative release ̩ ̍: Syllabic ̞ ˕ Lowered ˣ: Voiceless velar fricative release ̯ ̑: Non-syllabic ̘ ꭪ Advanced tongue root ʼ: Ejective ˞ Rhoticity ̙ ꭫ Retracted tongue root ͡ ͜ Affricate or double articulation
For many languages, such as Albanian, Irish and Russian, velarization is generally associated with more dental articulations of coronal consonants. Thus, velarized consonants, such as Albanian /ɫ/, tend to be dental or denti-alveolar, and non-velarized consonants tend to be retracted to an alveolar position.
The voiced velar lateral approximant is a type of consonantal sound, used as a distinct consonant in a very small number [1] of spoken languages in the world. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ʟ , a small capital version of the Latin letter l (since 1989), and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is L\.