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Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), formerly known as pyknolepsy, is an idiopathic generalized epilepsy which occurs in otherwise normal children. The age of onset is between 4–10 years with peak age between 5–7 years. Children have absence seizures which although brief (~4–20 seconds), they occur frequently, sometimes in the hundreds per ...
Absence seizures affect between 0.7 and 4.6 per 100,000 in the general population and 6 to 8 per 100,000 in children younger than 15 years. Childhood absence seizures account for 10% to 17% of all absence seizures. Onset is between 4 and 10 years and peaks at 5 to 7 years. It is more common in girls than in boys. [2]
The ability to categorize a case of epilepsy into a specific syndrome occurs more often with children since the onset of seizures is commonly early. [69] Less serious examples are benign rolandic epilepsy (2.8 per 100,000), childhood absence epilepsy (0.8 per 100,000) and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (0.7 per 100,000). [69]
A seizure is a paroxysmal episode of symptoms or altered behavior arising from abnormal excessive or synchronous brain neuronal activity. [5] A focal onset seizure arises from a biological neural network within one cerebral hemisphere, while a generalized onset seizure arises from within the cerebral hemispheres rapidly involving both hemispheres.
The onset of seizures is between the ages of 2 and 5 years of age. EEG shows regular and irregular bilaterally synchronous 2- to 3-Hz spike-waves and polyspike patterns with a 4- to 7-Hz background. 84% of affected children show normal development prior to seizures; the remainder show moderate psychomotor retardation mainly affecting speech.
Juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE) typically presents in early to mid adolescence in developmentally normal teens with typical absence seizures. JAE is distinguished from CAE as the absence seizures are less frequent (typically up to 10/day at most), age at onset is older (typically >10 years) and higher association with generalized tonic-clonic ...
Benign childhood occipital epilepsy, Panayiotopoulos type, Early-onset benign childhood occipital epilepsy Panayiotopoulos syndrome (named after C. P. Panayiotopoulos ) is a common idiopathic childhood-related seizure disorder that occurs exclusively in otherwise normal children (idiopathic epilepsy) and manifests mainly with autonomic ...
The onset of symptoms ranges between the ages of 8 and 36 years, peaking between 12 and 18 years [3] with a mean (average) of 15 years. [10] Approximately 15% of children with childhood absence epilepsy and juvenile absence epilepsy subsequently develop JME. [11]
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