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The global spread of the printing press began with the invention of the printing press with movable type by Johannes Gutenberg in Mainz, Germany c. 1439. [1] Western printing technology was adopted in all world regions by the end of the 19th century, displacing the manuscript and block printing .
With the invention of the printing press, the priest-scribes who had previously dominated the book industry saw their incomes decline and erupted in protest, and as a result, Fyodorov and Mstislavets were accused of heresy. After a fire in their printing house in 1566, the publishers finally decided to leave Moscow.
The Soviet Press conducted pre-publication censorship under an organization called Glavlit, which was the chief administrative arm of the censorship of the Press, and had a presence in every newsroom. The press provided the transmission belt by which these organizations sent information to their representatives in the general public.
Arghutian collaborated with the wealthy Indo-Armenian merchant Grigor Khaldarian to found the first Armenian printing house in Russia. [16] Khaldarian moved his printing press from London to Saint Petersburg in 1781, most likely with Arghutian's help. [17] Arghutian commissioned most, if not practically all, of the books published by Khaldarian ...
In 1565, the printing house published Chasovnik (Часовник, or Book of hours) and then Psalter (1568). The main building has a highly distinctive façade. In 1612, the Moscow Print Yard was destroyed by fire, but it was soon rebuilt.
Ivan ordered in 1553 the establishment of the Moscow Print Yard, and the first printing press was introduced to Russia. Several religious books in Russian were printed during the 1550s and 1560s. The new technology provoked discontent among traditional scribes, which led to the Print Yard being burned in an arson attack.
In 2013 Russia ranked 148th out of 179 countries in the Press Freedom Index from Reporters Without Borders. In a 2015 Freedom House report Russia got a score of 83 (100 being the worst), mostly because of new laws introduced in 2014 that further extended state control over mass-media. [67]
News under Russia's Old Regime: The Development of a Mass-Circulation Press (1991) McReynolds, Louise. "Imperial Russia's Newspaper Reporters: Profile of a Society in Transition, 1865-1914." Slavonic and East European Review 68.2 (1990): 277–293. in JSTOR; Pogorelskin, Alexis E. "Poriadok and the War Among Russian Newspapers in 1881."